CHALLENGES OF MODERN UNIVERSITIES AND REDEFINING EDUCATIONAL PARADIGMS IN THE AGE OF GLOBALIZATION
Keywords:
modern university, slow education, knowledge, education value
Abstract
The subject of this review is to study the current state of modern universities, and show the challenges facing universities in today's society, emphasizing the need to redefine educational paradigms due to the impact of globalization and neoliberalism.
The work aims to identify problems in the university system and provide solutions so that the focus is again directed towards essential knowledge.
The methodological approach of this paper is reflected in the analysis of professional literature, research of case studies and analysis of university policies.
The research results are identification of key challenges facing universities today, as well as confirmation of the negative effects of the "publish or perish" policy in academic circles.
The conclusion that emerges from all of the above is that implementing slow education can allow universities to return to their essence as centers of knowledge and deep educational values. These proposals aim to make the renewal of the education system more sustainable and directed towards long-term benefits for students and society as a whole.
References
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Cheng, M. (2017). Reclaiming quality in higher education: a human factor approach. Quality in Higher Education, 23(2), 153–167. https://doi.org/10.1080/13538322.2017.1358954
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Crabtree, S.A., Hemingway, A., Sudbury, S., Quinney, M., Hutchings, M., Esteves, L., Thompson, S., Jacey, H., Diaz, A., Bradley, P., Hall, J., Board, M., Feigenbaum, A., Brown, L., Heaslip, V. &Norton, L.(2020) Donning the "Slow Professor" The Radical Teacher. No. 116 https://doi.org/10.5195/rt.2020.647
Del Cerro Santamaría, G. (2020). Challenges and drawbacks in the marketisation of higher education within neoliberalism. Review of European Studies, 12(1), 22. https://doi.org/10.5539/res.v12n1p22
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Erickson, M., Hanna, P. & Walker, C. (2020). The UK higher education senior management survey: a statactivist response to managerialist governance. Studies in Higher Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2020.1712693.
Figlio, D. N., & Schapiro, M. (2017). Are great teachers poor scholars? Evidence Speaks Reports, 2–6. https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/es_20170126_figlio_evidence_speaks.pdf
Giroux H.A.(2014). Neoliberalism's war on higher education Chicago IL: Haymarket Books
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Graeber D.(2019). Bullshit jobs: The rise of pointless work and what we can do about it. Penguin Press. ISBN: 978-0-241-26388-4
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Greene, M. (1984). How do we think about our craft? Teachers College Record, 86(1), 55–67. https://doi.org/10.1177/016146818408600103
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https://www.actionresearch.net/writings/jack/jwbook2018LTR.pdf
Hussey T., & Smith P. (2010). The trouble with higher education. New York NY Routledge. ISBN 9780415871983
Jessop B. (2017) Varieties of academic capitalism and entrepreneurial universities High Educ73:853–70 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-017-0120-6
Levy P. (2017) Research design Quantitative Qualitative Mixed Methods Arts-based and Community-based Participatory Research Approaches. New York Guilford Press ISBN 9781462514380
Lewis H.(2004) Slow down Getting more out of Harvard by doing less. Harvard University. https://lewis.seas.harvard.edu/files/harrylewis/files/slowdown2004_0.pdf
Lynch K.(2013) New managerialism neoliberalism and ranking. Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics13(2):213-231 https://doi.org/109335esep00137
Glenn, M. (2021). Extending knowledge by developing a ‘slow approach’ to action research. Educational Action Research. Routledge Taylor & Francis https://doi.org/10.1080/09650792.2021.1948434
McKenna, S. (2018) Here are five signs that universities are turning into corporations. The Conersation. https://theconversation.com/here-are-five-signs-that-universities-are-turning-into-corporations-93100
Morales Vazquez, E. & Levin, J. S. (2018). The Tyranny of neoliberalism in the American academic profession. AAUP Newsletter. https://www.aaup.org/article/tyranny-neoliberalism-american-academic-profession#.XXDT5y2B1uU.
Musselin C.(2018) New forms of competition in higher education. Socio-Economic Review16(657–83) https://doi.org/10.1093/ser/mwy033
Mutongoza, BH., (2023). Pressured to perform: The negative consequences of the 'publish or perish' phenomenon among junior academics. SOTL in The South, Volume 7, Issue 2 August 2023. https://doi.org/10.36615/sotls.v7i2.301
Naidoo R. (2016) Competition as a fetish - Why universities need to escape the trap? https://theconversation.com/competition-as-a-fetish-why-universities-need-to-escape-the-trap-58084
Palali, A., Elk, R., Bolhaar, J. & Rud, I. (2018) Are good researchers also good teachers? The relationship between research quality and teaching quality. Econ Educ Rev64:40–9 https://doi.org/109516econedurev011011
QS - Quacquarelli Symonds (2020) World University Rankings 2020 https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2020
Salo, P., & Heikkinen, H. L. (2018). Slow Science : Research and Teaching for Sustainable Praxis. Confero, 6(1), 87-111. https://doi.org/10.3384/confero.2001-4562.181130
Schalkwyk, V., Hird, T., Maani, N., Petticre, M . & Gilmore, A. (2020) The perils of preprints. The BMJ. 370:m3111 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m3111
Skinner, T., Peez, D., Strachan, G., Whitehouse, G., Bailey, J., Broadbent K. (2015)Self-reported harassment and bullying in Australian universities: Explaining differences between regional metropolitan and elite institutions. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management37(5):558–71 http://doi.org/109510108080x1712693
Smith, L. (2017). Creative spaces for developing independent writing with English teachers. In D. Stevens, & K. Lockney (Eds.), Students, Places, and Identities in English and the Arts: Creative spaces in education (National Association for the Teaching of English (NATE)). Routledge. https://www.routledge.com/Students-Places-and-Identitiesin-English-and-the-Arts-Creative-spaces/STEVENSLockney/p/book/9781138694552
Smith, N, & Fredricks-Lowman, I. (2020). Conflict in the workplace A 10-year review of toxic leadership in higher education. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 23(5): 538-551 https://doi.org/10.1080/13603124.2019.1591512
Thompson, P. (2020). Reading against the literatures. https://patthomson.net/2020/06/15/reading-against-the-literatures-litreview/
Whitehead, J. (2018) Living Theory research as a way of life. Bath Brown Dog Books Bath, UK;
WIPO - World Intellectual Property Report 2015 - Breakthrough Innovation and Economic Growth. https://www.wipo.int/publications/en/details.jsp?id=3995Al
Yeo-The, NSL. & Luen Tang, B. (2021). Wilfully submitting to and publishing in predatory journals - a covert form of research misconduct? Biochem Med (Zagreb), 31(3). https://doi.org/10.11613/BM.2021.030201
Ynalvez, A. & Shrum, M. (2011). Professional networks, scientific collaboration, and publication productivity in resource-constrained research institutions in a developing country. Research Policy 40(2); 204–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2010.10.004
Amutuhaire, T. (2022). The Reality of the ‘Publish or Perish’ Concept, Perspectives from the Global South. Publishing Research Quarterly, 38(2), 281–294. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12109-022-09879-0
Añazco, D., Nicolalde, B., Espinosa, I., Camacho, J., Mushtaq, M., Gimenez, J., & Teran, E. (2021). Publication rate and citation counts for preprints released during the COVID-19 pandemic: the good, the bad and the ugly. PeerJ, 9, e10927. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10927
Bennett, D., Roberts, L., & Ananthram, S. (2017). Teaching-only roles could mark the end of your academic career. The Conversation. https://theconversation.com/teaching-only-roles-could-mark-the-end-of-your-academic-career-74826.
Bloch, R., Mitterle, A., Paradeise, C., & Peter, T. (2018). Universities and the production of elites: Discourses, Policies, and Strategies of Excellence and Stratification in Higher Education. In Palgrave studies in global higher education. Palgrave Macmillan Cham https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53970-6.
Brookfield, S.D. (2017). Becoming a critically reflective teacher (2nd ed.). San Francisco, USA: John Wiley & Sons. LCCN 2016043328| ISBN 9781119049708 (cloth) | ISBN 9781119050650 (ePDF) | ISBN 9781119050711 (epub)
Cheng, M. (2017). Reclaiming quality in higher education: a human factor approach. Quality in Higher Education, 23(2), 153–167. https://doi.org/10.1080/13538322.2017.1358954
Chomsky, N. (2004). Chomsky on MisEducation. Critical Perspectives Series: A book series dedicated to Paulo Freire. Rowman & Littlefield Education. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED489025.ISBN: ISBN-0-7425-0129-9
Cook, T., Brandon, T., Zonouzi, M., & Thomson, L. (2019). Destabilizing equilibriums: Harnessing the power of disruption in participatory action research. Educational Action Research, 27(3), 379-395. https://doi.org/10.1080/09650792.2019.1618721
Crabtree, S.A., Hemingway, A., Sudbury, S., Quinney, M., Hutchings, M., Esteves, L., Thompson, S., Jacey, H., Diaz, A., Bradley, P., Hall, J., Board, M., Feigenbaum, A., Brown, L., Heaslip, V. &Norton, L.(2020) Donning the "Slow Professor" The Radical Teacher. No. 116 https://doi.org/10.5195/rt.2020.647
Del Cerro Santamaría, G. (2020). Challenges and drawbacks in the marketisation of higher education within neoliberalism. Review of European Studies, 12(1), 22. https://doi.org/10.5539/res.v12n1p22
Delong, J. (2019). Dialogical relationships in living cultures of inquiry for the creation of living-theories. Educational Journal of Living Theories, 12(1), 1-22. http://ejolts.net/drupal/node/349
Delong, J. (2020). Raising voices using dialogue as a research method for creating living educational-theories in cultures of inquiry. Educational Journal of Living Theories, 13(2), 71-92. http://ejolts.net/drupal/node/367
Erickson, M., Hanna, P. & Walker, C. (2020). The UK higher education senior management survey: a statactivist response to managerialist governance. Studies in Higher Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2020.1712693.
Figlio, D. N., & Schapiro, M. (2017). Are great teachers poor scholars? Evidence Speaks Reports, 2–6. https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/es_20170126_figlio_evidence_speaks.pdf
Giroux H.A.(2014). Neoliberalism's war on higher education Chicago IL: Haymarket Books
Glenn, M. (2021). Extending knowledge by developing a ‘slow approach’ to action research. Educational Action Research. Routledge Taylor & Francis https://doi.org/10.1080/09650792.2021.1948434
Graeber D.(2019). Bullshit jobs: The rise of pointless work and what we can do about it. Penguin Press. ISBN: 978-0-241-26388-4
Grech, V. (2022). Publish or perish, information overload, and journal impact factors – A conflicting tripod of forces. Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia, 16(2), 204. https://doi.org/10.4103/sja.sja_632_21
Greene, M. (1984). How do we think about our craft? Teachers College Record, 86(1), 55–67. https://doi.org/10.1177/016146818408600103
Heller, R. (2022). The Distributed University for Sustainable Higher Education. Milsons Point, NSW, Australia. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6506-6
Honoré C. (2013) The slow fix Solve problems work smarter and live better in a fast world London Collins. ISBN 13: 9780007503728
https://www.actionresearch.net/writings/jack/jwbook2018LTR.pdf
Hussey T., & Smith P. (2010). The trouble with higher education. New York NY Routledge. ISBN 9780415871983
Jessop B. (2017) Varieties of academic capitalism and entrepreneurial universities High Educ73:853–70 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-017-0120-6
Levy P. (2017) Research design Quantitative Qualitative Mixed Methods Arts-based and Community-based Participatory Research Approaches. New York Guilford Press ISBN 9781462514380
Lewis H.(2004) Slow down Getting more out of Harvard by doing less. Harvard University. https://lewis.seas.harvard.edu/files/harrylewis/files/slowdown2004_0.pdf
Lynch K.(2013) New managerialism neoliberalism and ranking. Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics13(2):213-231 https://doi.org/109335esep00137
Glenn, M. (2021). Extending knowledge by developing a ‘slow approach’ to action research. Educational Action Research. Routledge Taylor & Francis https://doi.org/10.1080/09650792.2021.1948434
McKenna, S. (2018) Here are five signs that universities are turning into corporations. The Conersation. https://theconversation.com/here-are-five-signs-that-universities-are-turning-into-corporations-93100
Morales Vazquez, E. & Levin, J. S. (2018). The Tyranny of neoliberalism in the American academic profession. AAUP Newsletter. https://www.aaup.org/article/tyranny-neoliberalism-american-academic-profession#.XXDT5y2B1uU.
Musselin C.(2018) New forms of competition in higher education. Socio-Economic Review16(657–83) https://doi.org/10.1093/ser/mwy033
Mutongoza, BH., (2023). Pressured to perform: The negative consequences of the 'publish or perish' phenomenon among junior academics. SOTL in The South, Volume 7, Issue 2 August 2023. https://doi.org/10.36615/sotls.v7i2.301
Naidoo R. (2016) Competition as a fetish - Why universities need to escape the trap? https://theconversation.com/competition-as-a-fetish-why-universities-need-to-escape-the-trap-58084
Palali, A., Elk, R., Bolhaar, J. & Rud, I. (2018) Are good researchers also good teachers? The relationship between research quality and teaching quality. Econ Educ Rev64:40–9 https://doi.org/109516econedurev011011
QS - Quacquarelli Symonds (2020) World University Rankings 2020 https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2020
Salo, P., & Heikkinen, H. L. (2018). Slow Science : Research and Teaching for Sustainable Praxis. Confero, 6(1), 87-111. https://doi.org/10.3384/confero.2001-4562.181130
Schalkwyk, V., Hird, T., Maani, N., Petticre, M . & Gilmore, A. (2020) The perils of preprints. The BMJ. 370:m3111 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m3111
Skinner, T., Peez, D., Strachan, G., Whitehouse, G., Bailey, J., Broadbent K. (2015)Self-reported harassment and bullying in Australian universities: Explaining differences between regional metropolitan and elite institutions. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management37(5):558–71 http://doi.org/109510108080x1712693
Smith, L. (2017). Creative spaces for developing independent writing with English teachers. In D. Stevens, & K. Lockney (Eds.), Students, Places, and Identities in English and the Arts: Creative spaces in education (National Association for the Teaching of English (NATE)). Routledge. https://www.routledge.com/Students-Places-and-Identitiesin-English-and-the-Arts-Creative-spaces/STEVENSLockney/p/book/9781138694552
Smith, N, & Fredricks-Lowman, I. (2020). Conflict in the workplace A 10-year review of toxic leadership in higher education. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 23(5): 538-551 https://doi.org/10.1080/13603124.2019.1591512
Thompson, P. (2020). Reading against the literatures. https://patthomson.net/2020/06/15/reading-against-the-literatures-litreview/
Whitehead, J. (2018) Living Theory research as a way of life. Bath Brown Dog Books Bath, UK;
WIPO - World Intellectual Property Report 2015 - Breakthrough Innovation and Economic Growth. https://www.wipo.int/publications/en/details.jsp?id=3995Al
Yeo-The, NSL. & Luen Tang, B. (2021). Wilfully submitting to and publishing in predatory journals - a covert form of research misconduct? Biochem Med (Zagreb), 31(3). https://doi.org/10.11613/BM.2021.030201
Ynalvez, A. & Shrum, M. (2011). Professional networks, scientific collaboration, and publication productivity in resource-constrained research institutions in a developing country. Research Policy 40(2); 204–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2010.10.004
