Uticaj surfaktanata na efikasnost zajedničke primene kletodima i glifosata u suzbijanju Abutilon theophrasti L. i Chenopodium album L.

  • Sofija Petrović Univerzitet u Beogradu, Poljoprivredni fakultet

Sažetak


Širokolisni korovi Abutilon theophrasti L. i Chenopodium album L. predstavljaju veliki problem u soji tolerantnoj na glifosat, na području SAD. Najefikasnije i najekonomičnije rešenje ovog problema nalazi se u zajedničkoj primeni kletodima i glifosata. Zajedničkom primenom različitih kompatibilnih herbicida postiže se bolja efikasnost, proširuje se spektar delovanja i smanjuju troškovi suzbijanja korova. U ovom radu bilo je više ciljeva i to: (1) mogućnost suzbijanja korovskih vrsta A. theophrasti i C. album pri zajedničkoj primeni kletodima i glifosata, (2) kakav je njihov efekat ukoliko se primene sa surfaktantima i (3)  da li pri zajendičkoj primeni ovih herbicida dolazi do ispoljavanja sinergističkog i /ili antagonističkog delovanja pri suzbijanju A. theophrasti i C. album.

U istraživanje je uključeno 29 tretmana. Tretmani su uključivali glifosat formulisan bez surfaktanata (Touchdown HiTech), kletodim (SelectMax) takođe bez surfaktanta,  glifosat formulisan sa surfaktantom (Roundup PowerMax) kao i formulacije oba herbicida bez surfaktanata gde su u rezervoar prskalice dodavani sledeći surfaktanti: ATPlus DRT-EPS 0,25% v.v-¹, ATPlus DRT 6000 0,25% v.v-¹ i 0,5% v.v-¹, Tween 20 0,25% v.v-¹, Tween 22 0,5% v.v-¹, Tween L5-15 0,5%v.v-¹, Tween  L10-10  0,5%  v.v-¹  i  Tween  L15-5%  v.v-¹. Ogled je dizajniran po potpuno slučajnom blok sistemu u četiri ponavljanja i ponovljen dva puta.

Efekti ispitivanih tretmana na A. theophrasti pokazali su da nije došlo do značajnih interakcija u većini tretmana. Tretman  kletodimu sa surfaktantom ATPlus DRT 6000 ispoljio je sinergističko delovanje, a sa Tween L10-10 i Tween L15-5 surfaktantima ispoljili su  antagonističko delovanje pri suzbijanju A. theophrasti. U tretmanima sa glifosatom formulisanim bez surfaktanta (Touchdown HiTech) konstatovane su dve antagonističke reakcije i to kada su ovoj formulaciji dodati Tween 22 i Tween L5-15 surfaktanti. U suzbijanju C. album potvrđeno je da surfaktanti nisu imali uticaja na aktivnost kletodima. Međutim, kada su surfaktanti dodati tretmanima sa glifosatom, utvrđen je sinergizam. To je potvrdio i tretman  sa glifosatom formulisanim sa surfaktantima. U zajedničkoj primeni glifosata i kletodima sa surfaktantima takođe je potvrđeno sinergističko delovanje, osim u tretmanu sa  surfaktantom ATPlus DRT-EP

 

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