Floristički sastav i održavanje vegetacionog pokrivača u organski održavanom vinogradu

Aleksandar Simić

doi:10.5937/32ah-46436

Aleksandar Simić Univerzitet u Beogradu, Poljoprivredni fakultet https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7605-3796

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/32ah-46436

Ključne reči: organski vinograd, biljni pokrivač, navodnjavanje, biodiverzitet, Gročansko vinogorje

Sažetak

U organskoj proizvodnji grožđa sorte Panonia u Beogradskom vinogradarskom rejonu vegetacioni pokrivač u vinogradu održava se uz minimalne intervencije, spontanom florom uz povremeno podsejavanje odabranim vrstama iz familija trava i leguminoza. U ovom istraživanju je ispitan sastav vegetacionog pokrivača posle dve godine navodnjavanja vinove loze sa 50% i 100% od ETc (evapotranspiracije kulture) i poređen sa nenavodnjavanom površinom. Tokom 2021. i 2022. godine su primenjene mere navodnjavanja, a u proleće 2023. godine je evidentiran floristički sastav i utvrđeno da je vegetacioni pokrivač u vinogradu održavanom po konceptu organske proizvodnje dominanto hemikriptofitsko-terofitskog karaktera (dominiraju dvogodišnje i višegodišnje vrste iz grupe hemikriptofita). To ukazuje da vegetacioni pokrivač po florističkom sastavu naginje ka korovsko-ruderalno-livadskoj zajednici. Za razliku od životnog spektra flore, životni spektar vegetacije je dao donekle realniju sliku, odnosno ovde kvantitativno (po broju jedinki po jedinici površine) dominiraju dvogodišnje i jednogodišnje vrste, te je zajednica okarakterisana kao tero-hemikriptofitska.

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