Opportunities for sustainable waste management in the pharmaceutical industry

Branislava Nikolić; Nadja Nikolić; Anica Milošević; Andrijana Milošević Georgiev

doi:10.5937/arhfarm74-52016

Branislava Nikolić Apotekarska ustanova Smederevo
Nadja Nikolić Akademija tehničko- vaspitačkih strukovnih studija, Niš
Anica Milošević Akademija tehničko- vaspitačkih strukovnih studija, Katedra za civilno inženjerstvo, Niš
Andrijana Milošević Georgiev Univerzitet u Beogradu – Farmaceutski fakultet, Katedra za socijalnu farmaciju i farmaceutsko zakonodavstvo

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/arhfarm74-52016

Ključne reči: farmaceutski otpad, održivost, hijerarhija otpada, opasan otpad

Sažetak

Farmaceutska industrija ima nedvosmisleno pozitivan uticaj na zdravlje i kvalitet života ljudi. Ipak, potrebno je adekvatno sagledati i njen utucaj na životnu sredinu, s obzirom na postojanje brojnih izvešaja o prisustvu aktivnih farmaceutskih supstanci, njihovih metabolita ili produkata transformacije u površinskim i podzemnim vodama, kanalizacionim tokovima, pa i u pijaćoj vodi. Farmaceutski proizvodi se mogu emitovati u vodeno okruženje tokom svakog koraka njihovog životnog ciklusa, a efekti koje ispoljavaju na životnu sredinu su uglavnom još uvek nepoznati, ali se može očekivati da će taj uticaj biti negativan. Održivo upravljanje otpadom farmaceutske industrije je koncept koji uključuje: smanjenje, ponovnu upotrebu, reciklažu, povrat energije i odlaganje. Ove aktivnosti treba da sprovode proizvođači, lekari propisivači, distributeri, farmaceuti i korisnici. Cilj ovakvog upravljanja otpadom je da se minimizira količina otpada koji se odlaže ili tretira insineracijom, što su najmanje poželjne akcije. U radu je dat pregled zakonske regulative u Republici Srbiji. Potrebno je nastaviti istraživanje uticaja farmaceutskog otpada na životnu sredinu, istraživati mogućnosti primene svih postupaka održivog upravljanja farmaceutskim otpadom, kao i usaglastiti zakonsku regulativu raznih zemalja. Možda najveći izazov predstavlja podizanje svesti ljudi o značaju pravilnog postupanja sa farmaceutskim otpadom.

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