Izosteviol kao potencijalni kardioprotektivni agens
Sažetak
Kardioprotekcija je termin kojim se opisuje sposobnost miokarda da se zaštiti od povreda, posebno u kontekstu ishemijsko-reperfuzionih povreda i drugih metaboličkih stresova. Odnedavno se izosteviol, diterpen dobijen hidrolizom steviosida, prirodnog zaslađivača koji se nalazi u listovima biljke Stevia rebaudiana, razmatra kao jedinjenje sa potencijalno kardioprotektivnim dejstvom. Pored brojnih terapijskih benefita izosteviola, uključujući njegovo antihiperglikemijsko, antihipertenzivno i antiinflamatorno dejstvo, nedavne studije su sugerisale da ovo jedinjenje može imati i kardioprotektivna svojstva. Pokazalo se da izosteviol deluje antioksidativno i antiinflamatorno, kao i da reguliše jonske kanale i mitohondrijsku aktivnost. Kardioprotektivni efekti izosteviola posredovani su njegovom interakcijom sa više signalnih puteva. Preklinička istraživanja pokazala su da izosteviol reguliše NF-κB, putanje fosfatidilinozitol 3-kinaze/Akt (PI3K/Akt) i protein kinazu aktiviranu adenozin monofosfatom (AMPK), što su sve potvrđeni kardioprotektivni signalni putevi. Svi ovi nalazi ističu potencijal izosteviola kao kardioprotektivnog terapijskog agensa. Međutim, ovaj potencijal je potrebno dalje testirati u randomizovanim kontrolisanim ispitivanjima, uz ispitivanje moguće vrednosti izosteviola u kliničkoj praksi, definisanje optimalnih strategija doziranja i razumevanje njegovih dugoročnih efekata.
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