VIKTIMOLOŠKA ANALIZA RIZIKA OD VIKTIMIZACIJE KOD KLIMATSKIH PROMJENA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI

Miodrag Simović; Marina Simović

doi:10.5937/gakv95-47886

Miodrag Simović Pravni fakultet Univerziteta u Bihaću
Marina Simović Fakultet pravnih nauka Panevropskog univerziteta "Apeiron" u Banjoj Luci

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/gakv95-47886

Ključne reči: klimatske promjene, Bosna i Hercegovina, viktimizacija, životna sredina, voda

Sažetak

Ideja da svako ljudsko biće ima pravo na čisto i zdravo okruženje je zaokupila maštu ljudi širom svijeta. Da li je to slučaj sa ekološkim ljudskim pravima? Povelja Ujedinjenih nacija (1945.), Univerzalna deklaracija o ljudskim pravima (1948.) i blizanački pakti o ljudskim pravima - Međunarodni pakt o građanskim i političkim pravima (ICCPR) i Međunarodni pakt o ekonomskim, socijalnim i kulturnim pravima (ICESCR) (oba usvojena 1966. i stupila na snagu 1977. godine) uopšte ne spominji da li biti čovjek uključuje takvo pravo. Socioekonomska i kulturna prava uključuju prava na dostojanstvo, obrazovanje, zdravlje, hranu, vodu, bolovanje, porodično odsustvo i zaposlenje, dok je pravo na zdravu životnu sredinu granica između ovog i nekih drugih prava. Pokušavajući odgovoriti na navedeno pitanje, autori u radu najprije analiziraju značenje prava na zaštitu životne sredine. Posebno se razmatraju rezultati Evropske klimatske konferencije o naučnom doprinosu transformaciji klimatskih promjena na evropskom kontinentu održane 15. i 16. maja 2023. u Varšavi. Uz to, prezentiraju se klimatske promjene i viktimizacija građana, kao i rizici od viktimizacije kod ovih promjena. U nastavku rada posebna pozornost usmjerena je na problematiku odnosa Bosne i Hercegovine i Konvencije Ujedinjenih nacija o pravu mora. U svrhu postizanja adekvatnog nivoa normiranosti i uređenja, predlažu se hitne mjere prevencije viktimizacije kod klimatskih promjena u Bosni i Hercegovini kako bi se osiguralo pravo svih građana da žive u sigurnom, čistom, zdravom i održivom okruženju.

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