PROCENA KVALITETA HIBRIDNOG SEMENA KUKURUZA PREMA OBLIKU I VELIČINI SEMENA
Sažetak
Seme kukuruza odlikuje se raznovrsošćuoblika I veličina, koje po srednoilineposrednoutičuna fiziološke osobine. Ciljrada je bio da se utvrdi značaj oblika I veličine semenana energiju I klijavost semena. U ogledu kao semenski material korišćeno je osam hibrida (ZP196, ZP260, ZP341, ZP360, ZP434, ZP 677, ZP684, ZP704. U laboratorijskim uslovima posmatrane su osobine oblika I veličine seme. Izvojeno je četiri frakcija SP. SO. SSP, SSO. Od osobina određena je masa semena, energija klijanja, klijavost. Osobinagenotip I frakcija imalesuznačajnoguticajanaformiranjesemena R≥0,900, dok za energiju I klijavost značaj ovih faktora je mali sa koeficijentom regresije R≤0,09. Struktura semena na klipu podeljena u frakcije ukazuje na veće prisustvo sinih frakcija u odnosu na srednje sitne, a po obliku ujenačenije su pljosnate frakcije, izmeđukojih ne postoji statistička značajnost. Energija klijanja I klijavost semena kod svih veličina I oblika semena je visoka iznad 95%. Najmanja energija I klijavost je za seme SO (94,2; 95,1), a najveća za seme SSP (97,1;98,0).Istraživanja su pokazala da podele semena po frakcijama ima značaja radi ujednačavanja semenskog materijala I jedan je od osnovnih uslova za dobru semensku I merkantilnu proizvodnju. Naročito je značajno u prvim fazama razvitka klijanaca, što kasnije ima uticaja na prinos useva.
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