Učestalost rezistencije na penicilin i eritromicin sojeva pneumokoka izazivača zapaljenja srednjeg uha
Sažetak
Uvod: Streptococcus pneumoniae je značajan humani patogen, najčešći je izazivač akutnog zapaljenja uha (akutni otitis media, AOM), posebno kod dece, ali i vanbolničke pneumonije, sepse i meningitisa u svim uzrastima. Lekovi izbora u terapiji AOM su beta laktamski antibiotici, a u slučaju alergije makrolidi. Veliki problem u lečenju predstavlja porast rezistencije pneumokoka na ove antibiotike.
Cilj: Cilj ove studije bio je ispitavanje osetljivosti izolata pneumokoka, izazivačaAOM kod dece, na antibiotike.
Materijal i metode: Ispitivana je osetljivost 61 soja pneumokoka izazivača AOM kod dece, metodom disk difuzije i E testom. Uzorci su prikupljani od decembra 2014. do decembra 2015. godine. Fenotipovi rezistencije na makrolide su određeni testom dvostruke disk difuzije.
Rezultati: Od svih ispitanih sojevanjih 40 (65,6%) je pokazalosmanjenu osetljivost na penicilin i eritromicin. Visokorezistentih izolata na penicilin je bilo 9 (14,8%), dok je 31 soj (50,8%) imao intermedijarnu osetljivost. Dominantan fenotip makrolidne rezistencije je bio cMLS. Udružena rezistencija na penicilin i eritromicin je bila prisutna kod 14,8% izolata.
Zaključak: Naši rezultati su pokazali da je stopa učestalosti rezistencije pneumokoka, izazivača AOM kod dece, na penicilin i makrolide visoka. Neophodno je aktivno praćenje osetljivosti pneumokoka na antibiotike, kao i ograničenje upotrebe ovih lekova u empirijskoj terapiji.
Ključne reči:Streptococcus pneumoniae, otitis, rezistencija.
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