Efekat hirurškog lečenja morbidne gojaznosti na funkcionalni kapacitet i faktore rizika za kardiovaskularne bolesti
Sažetak
Uvod: Morbidna gojaznost je povezana sa povišenim rizikom od kardiovaskularnih bolesti (KVB). Barijatrijska hirurgija je najefektivnija metoda za smanjenje telesne težine kod morbidno gojaznih osoba. Cilj rada: Ispitati efekat hirurškog lečenja morbidne gojaznosti na funkcionalni kapacitet i faktore rizika za KVB. Materijal i metode: U grupi od 56 morbidno gojaznih pacijenata upoređivane su vrednosti Body Mass Index-a (BMI), funkcionalni kapacitet i faktori rizika za KVB pre i 6 meseci nakon laparoskopskog bajpasa želuca. BMI je izračunat na osnovu podataka o telesnoj visini i telesnoj težini pacijenata. Parametri funkcionalnog kapaciteta (peak VO2 i VE/VCO2 slope) i vrednosti sistolnog (SKP) i dijastolnog (DKP) krvnog pritiska su dobijeni metodom ergospirometrije. Informacije o faktorima rizika za KVB dobijene su putem anamnestičkih podataka i laboratorijskih ispitivanja. Rezultati: Uočena je statistički značajna razlika u peak VO2 (p<0,0001) i VE/VCO2 slope (p =0,003) izmerenih pre i 6 meseci nakon operacije. Vrednosti SKP u mirovanju su se smanjile (p=0,017), kao i SKP pri maksimalnom naporu (p<0,0001). Slični rezultati su dobijeni su i upoređivanjem DKP u miru i DKP pri maksimalnom naporu (p<0,0001 i p=0,002, respektivno) pre i posle operacije. Smanjena je učestalost faktora rizika za KVB – hiperholesterolemije (12,5% vs 9%), dijabetesa (37% vs 19,6%) i hipertenzije (48,2% vs 33%). Zaključak: Morbidno gojazni pacijenti su pokazali poboljšanje funkcionalnog kapaciteta kao i korekciju faktora rizika za KVB 6 meseci nakon laparoskopskog bajpasa želuca.
Ključne reči: morbidna gojaznost, hirurgija, funkcionalni kapacitet
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