Demografski aspekti ujeda krpelja na teritoriji grada Beograda: dvogodišnja retrospektivna studija
Sažetak
Uvod: Krpelji predstavljaju rastući problem u Evropi. Svaki boravak u prirodi nosi rizik od ujeda, pogotovo u prolećnim i letnjim mesecima. Krpelji su paukoliki ektoparaziti iz reda Ixodida potklase Acarina. Oni mogu da: izazovu iritaciju, naprave apsces, i prenesu brojne spirohete, najčešće bakteriju Borreliu burgdorferi koja može prouzrokovati Lajmsku bolest. Cilj ovog rada bio je utvrditi distribuciju ujeda krpelja u ispitivanoj populaciji u odnosu na: mesto ujeda na telu, vreme ujeda (po mesecima) i beogradsku opštinu u kojoj se ujed dogodio.
Materijal i metode: U ovu retrospektivnu studiju bilo je uključeno 1199 ispitanika, lečenih na Klinici za dermatovenerologiju KCS u Beogradu, koji su se javili u periodu od januara 2014. do decembra 2015. godine zbog ujeda krpelja. Prikupljeni su demografski podaci, podaci o regionu u kom je došlo do ujeda, mesecu u kom se ujed desio, kao i mestu ujeda na telu.
Rezultati: U 2014. godini lečeno je 600 bolesnika (50%), dok je u 2015. godini lečeno 599 bolesnika (50%). Od ukupnog broja lečenih bilo je 716 (59.7%) muškaraca i 483 (40.3%) žena. Prosečna starost ispitivane populacije bila je 41 (1-87) godina. Najveći broj bolesnika imao je jedan ujed krpelja 1128 (94.1%), dva ujeda utvrđena su kod 19 (1.6%) bolesnika, dok je više od dva ujeda imalo 6 (0.5%) lečenih. Najveći broj ujeda 989 (82.5%) registrovan je u prolećnim mesecima, i to u opštinama Voždovac 244 (20.4%) i Čukarica 224 (18.7%). Ubodi u predelu nogu su bili najzastupljeniji u svim grupama ispitanika izuzev kod dece, kod koje su preovladavali ubodi u predelu glave i vrata.
Zaključak: Bez ekspozicija krpeljima nema ni obolevanja od lajmske bolesti. Bez obzira na to da li je krpelj zaražen ili ne, preporučljivo je izvaditi ga odmah nakon što se ustanovi da je ušao pod kožu, kako ne bi počeo da se hrani krvlju i tako preneo bolest.
Ključne reči: krpelj, Lajmska bolest, Borrelia burgdorferi, beogradske opštine
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