POSTOPERATIVNI PROTOKOLI NAKON HIRURŠKE EKSTRAKCIJE ZUBA
Sažetak
Uvod: Hirurška ekstrakcija zuba danas predstavlja jednu od najčeše izvođenih intervencija u oralnohirurškoj praksi. Postekstrakcioni period obično prolazi bez ikakvih komplikacija, ali u određenom broju slučajeva zarastanje rane i oporavak mogu biti otežani usled pojave komplikacija koje nastaju kao posledica hirurške traume ili dejstva mikroorganizama u predelu ekstrakcione rane.
Cilj: Cilj ovog rada je da se utvrdi učestalost pojave inflamatornih komplikacija, odnosno infekcije operativne rane i alveolitisa, nakon hirurške ekstrakcije zuba, te da se ispita uticaj antiseptika, odnosno antibiotika na sprečavanje njihovog nastanka.
Metode i materijali: U istraživanje je bilo uključeno 60 ispitanika koji su nakon hirurške ekstrakcije zuba podeljeni u tri grupe. Prvu grupu činili su pacijenti koji su nakon hirurške intervencije koristili antibiotike, a drugu grupu pacijenti koji su postoperativno ispirali usnu duplju sa rastvorom 0.12% hlorheksidina. Kontrolnu grupu činili su pacijenti kojima nakon ekstrakcije zuba nije ordiniran nijedan oblik terapije. Postoperativne kontrole su vršene drugog i sedmog postoperativnog dana, i tom prilikom su rađene provere kliničkih znakova infekcije ili alveolitisa u predelu rane.
Rezultati: U studiju je bilo uključeno 60 pacijenata, a izvađeno je ukupno 67 zuba. Alveolitis je zabeležen kod dva pacijenta, a postoperativna infekcija kod četiri.
Zaključak: Nije uočena statistički značajna razlika u učestalosti pojave posmatranih postoperativnih komplikacija između grupa ispitanika. Nema dovoljno dokaza da se opravda rutinska upotreba antibiotika ni antiseptika nakon hirurških ekstrakcija zuba.
Ključne reči: ekstrakcija zuba; antibiotik; hlorheksidin; alveolitis; infekcija rane
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