Povezanost nivoa adipocitokina sa telesnom kompozicijom i indeksima oporavka srčane frekvencije
Sažetak
Uvod: Masno tkivo kao endokrini organ prvenstveno učestvuje u regulaciji metabolizma ugljenih hidrata i lipida. Leptin kao anoreksigen, uz aktivaciju simpatikusa i smanjenje sekrecije insulina, uzrokuje potrošnju energetskih zaliha, dok adiponektin povećava osetljivost tkiva na insulin, čiju funkciju imitira visfatin. Indeks oporavka srčane frekvencije (ΔHRR) odražava aktivnost parasimpatikusa i povezan je sa sindromom insulinske rezistencije. Predmet istraživanja je bio ispitati povezanost adipocitokina sa telesnom građom i ΔHRRkod sportista i sedentarnih kontrola.
Materijal i metode: Učesnici su bili 19 reprezentativaca u odbojci i vaterpolu (starosti 19,26±1,94 god.) i 13 neredovno fizički aktivnih studenata (starosti 20,46±1,13 god.) muškog pola. Izmereni su im antropometrijski parametri, a uzorci krvi za analize hormona su uzeti: pre, na kraju i 30 minuta nakon završetka ergospirometrijskog ispitivanja. Statistička evaluacija je izvršena: Studentovim t-testom, Mann-Whitney i Vilkoksonovim testom i Spirmanovim testom korelacije.
Rezultati: Statistički značajna razlika pri merenju adiponektina između zavisnih i nezavisnih uzoraka nije pronađena. Nivo leptina je kod reprezentativaca statistički značajno niži na početku i na kraju testa (p<0,001 i p=0,001, respektivno), dok kod studenata opada u sva tri pre-posle merenja (u sva tri p<0,001). Visfatin je kod sportista na kraju testa i 30 minuta kasnije statistički značajno viši (u oba merenja p<0,001), a pritom kod njih na početku testa i pola sata posle završetka statistički značajno opada (p=0,02). Telesna visina, VO2max i ΔHRR3 su značajno viši kod sportista, a BMI, BF% i HR u 3. minutu oporavka kod studenata (p<0,05). Kod reprezentativaca postoji umereno snažna negativna povezanost između nivoa visfatina i BF% (p=0,002, rs=-0,668), dok leptin umereno jako pozitivno korelira sa BMI i BF%(p=0,002, rs=0,657 i p=0,011, rs=0,567, respektivno). Kontrolna grupa pokazuje jaku pozitivnu povezanost leptina sa ΔHRR1(p=0,008, rs=0,702) i umereno snažnu sa ΔHRR3 (p=0,018, rs=0,641).
Zaključak: Na ograničenom uzorku sportista pokazana je pozitivna korelacija visfatina sa BF% i leptina sa BMI i BF%.
Ključne reči: leptin; adiponektin; visfatin; telesna građa; ΔHRR
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