EFEKTI DUGOTRAJNE PRIMENE ANTIPSIHOTIKA NA ZASTUPLJENOST ENKEFALIN-IMUNOREAKTIVNIH NEURONA U MOZGU PACOVA PERINATALNO TRETIRANIH FENCIKLIDINOM

  • Anja Kompanijec MFUB
  • Bojan Korica MFUB
  • Asist. dr Institut za medicinsku i klinicku biohemiju, Medicinski fakultet, Univerzitet u Beogradu
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/mp74-39248
Ključne reči: shizofrenija, fenciklidin, haloperidol, risperidon, enkefalin

Sažetak


Uvod: Shizofrenija je hronično mentalno oboljenje koje pogađa oko 1% populacije. Fenciklidinski animalni model shizofrenije uključuje perinatalnu primenu fenciklidina (PCP) i zasnovan je na glutamatnoj teoriji o razvoju ove psihoze. U terapiji shizofrenije koriste se tipični i atipični antipsihotika. Enkefalin je neuropeptid sa modulatornim uticajajem na neurotransmisiju i ulogom u ispoljavanju simptoma shizofrenije.

Cilj: Cilj istraživanja bio je ispitivanje efekata hronične primene haloperidola i risperidona na zastupljenost enkefalin-imunoreaktivnih neruona u mozgu  pacova perinatalno tretiranih fenciklidinom.

Materijali i metode: Eksperimentalni pacovi Wistar soja supkutano su tretirani 3, 6, 9 i 12. postnatalnog dana (PN), PCP-om (10 mg/kg) ili NaCl-om, a od PN35 do PN100 dana, dobijali su oralno haloperidol (Hal, 3 mg/kg/dan), risperidona (Ris, 1 mg/kg/dan) ili vodu za piće. Životinje su bile podeljene u šest grupa. Kontrolna grupa primala je NaCl i vodu, PCP grupa primala je PCP i vodu. Hal grupa primala je NaCl i haloperidol, dok je PCP-Hal grupa dobijala PCP i haloperidol. Grupa Ris primala je NaCl i risperidon, a grupa PCP-Ris primala je PCP i risperidon. Nakon žrtvovanja PN100 dana,u presecima korteksa, hipokampusa, strijatuma i septalne regije određivan je broj enkefalin-imunoreaktivnih neurona metodom imunohistohemije.

Rezultati: U hipokampusu, u PCP grupi uočeno je značajno povećanje broja enkefalin-imunoreaktivnih neurona u odnosu na kontrolnu grupu, dok antipsihotici nisu izazvali statistički značajne promene. Haloperidol je u strijatumu doveo do povećanja površine prekrivene enkefalin-imunoreaktivnim neuronima u odnosu na kontrolnu grupu, dok su u septalnoj regiji i haloperidol i risperidon antipsihotici prouzrokovali smanjenje  površine prekrivene enkefalin-imunoreaktivnim neuronima u odnosu na površinu u kontroloj grupi.

Zaključak: Dugotrajna primena antipsihotika dovela je do region-specifičnih promena u zastupljenosti enkefalin-imunoreaktivnih neurona u mozgu pacova perinatalno tretiranih PCP-om.

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2023/11/29
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Vol. 74 Br. 3 (2023): Medicinski podmladak
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Originalni naučni članak