Trehalose as a potential therapeutic agent in different diseases
Sažetak
Trehaloza je prirodni neredukujući disaharid koji se sintetiše u pojedinim biljkama, gljivama, bakterijama i insektima. Zbog povoljnih fizičko-hemijskih svojstava, trehaloza može da zameni vodu i stabilizuje makromolekule, čime štiti ćelije od dehidracije i smrzavanja. Iako kičmenjaci ne sintetišu trehalozu, njena primena omogućava eliminaciju proteinskih agregata i oštećenih organela, kao i do smanjenja hiperinflamacije i oksidativnog stresa. Trehaloza indukuje autofagiju nezavisno od mTOR kompleksa usled aktivacije faktora transkripcije EB (TFEB) i deluje antioksidativno tako što pojačava ekspresiju p62 nezavisno od procesa autofagije. Pored toga, trehaloza povećava fluidnost membrane i dovodi do apoptoze tumorskih ćelija putem aktivacije kaspaze 3, 6 i JNK (c-Jun N-terminalna kinaza) signalnog puta. U ovom revijalnom radu sumirali smo dosadašnja saznanja o mogućnostima primene trehaloze u terapiji različitih bolesti kao što su sindrom suvog oka, neurodegenerativne bolesti i tumori, sa posebnim osvrtom na glavne molekularne mehanizme koji se nalaze u osnovi njenog dejstva.
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