VEZA IZMEDJU DIJABETESA MELITUSA TIP 2 I DEPRESIJE I NJIHOV ZAJEDNIČKI UTICAJ NA KVALITET ŽIVOTA
Sažetak
Dijabetes melitus tipa 2 (DM2) i depresija predstavljaju hronične nezarazne bolesti koje pogađaju milione ljude širom sveta. Veza između ove dve bolesti je složena i od velikog je kliničkog značaja. Iako je povezanost DM2 i depresija uočena pre više decenija, razlozi za visoku prevalenciju komorbiditeta ove dve bolesti nisu do kraja poznati. Pretpostavlja se da ulogu igraju zajednički genetski i sredinski faktori rizika, kao što su polimorfizmi pojedinih gena odgovrnih za sekreciju i efekte kortizola, gojaznost i drugi. Patofiziološki mehanizmi u osnovi depresije, poput disregulacije HPA osovine i inflamacije, pogoršavaju insulinsku rezistenciju i doprinose nastanku DM2, dok sa druge strane, hroničan stres povezan sa DM2 može usloviti pojavu depresije. Ovakav odnos, koji se najčešće opisuje kao bidirekcionalni, omogućava formiranje tzv. „začaranog kruga“ koji dovodi do loših zdravstvenih ishoda obe bolesti. Oboleli od DM2 sa depresijom imaju veću učestalost javljanja dugoročnih komplikacija, prvenstveno makrovaskularnih, niži kvalitet života i veću stopu smrtnosti. Iz tog razloga, prevencija, rano otkrivanje i lečenje depresije u toj populaciji je od izuzetnog značaja. U terapiji komordibideta ove dve bolesti koristi se multidisciplinarni pristup usmeren ka istovremenom poboljšanju mentalnog i somatskog zdravlja. Lečenje uključuje farmakoterapijske, psihoterapijske i psihosocijalne intervencije koje kao glavni cilj imaju smanjenje incidencije komplikacija DM2 i bolji kvalitet života obolelih.
Reference
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