STARIJA ŽIVOTNA DOB I PARKINSONOVA BOLEST

  • Igor Petrović Klinika za neurologiju, Univerzitetski klinički centar Srbije; Medicinski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu
  • Aleksandra Tomić Klinika za neurologiju, Univerzitetski klinički centar Srbije; Medicinski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu
  • Nataša Dragašević Mišković Klinika za neurologiju, Univerzitetski klinički centar Srbije; Medicinski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu
  • Milica Ječmenica Lukić Klinika za neurologiju, Univerzitetski klinički centar Srbije; Medicinski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu
  • Vladana Marković Klinika za neurologiju, Univerzitetski klinički centar Srbije; Medicinski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu
  • Nikola Kresojević Klinika za neurologiju, Univerzitetski klinički centar Srbije; Medicinski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu
  • Iva Stanković Tutuš Klinika za neurologiju, Univerzitetski klinički centar Srbije; Medicinski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu
  • Marina Svetel Klinika za neurologiju, Univerzitetski klinički centar Srbije; Medicinski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu
  • Vladimir Kostić Klinika za neurologiju, Univerzitetski klinički centar Srbije; Medicinski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/mp75-52132
Ključne reči: Parkinsonova bolest, starenje, motorni i nemotorni simptomi

Sažetak


Etiologija Parkinsonove bolesti (PB) ostaje nejasna, pri čemu je starenje identifikovano kao glavni faktor rizika. Epidemiološki podaci ukazuju na porast prevalencije PB sa starenjem, sa zahvatanjem 1-2% osoba starijih od 65 godina. Incidencija PB brzo raste sa godinama, dostižući vrhunac u osmoj deceniji života.

Motorne simptome u starijoj grupi obolelih od PB karakteriše teža forma hipokinetskog sindroma, posturalna nestabilnost, poremećaji hoda i aksijalni deformiteti. Nemotorni simptomi, uključujući kognitivno oštećenje, poremećaje spavanja i disautonomiju, značajno utiču na kvalitet života. Učestalost demencije i opšte fizičke slabosti povećava se sa starošću i trajanjem PB.

Ova starosna grupa suočava se sa većim rizikom od neželjenih efekata antiparkinsonih lekova, što zahteva prilagođavanje terapije u skladu sa progresijom motornih i nemotornih simptoma.

Diferencijalna dijagnoza PB u odnosu na druge parkinsone sindrome može biti izazov zbog preklapanja simptoma i odsustva specifičnih dijagnostičkih alata. Prisustvo blagih parkinsonih znakova kod starije populacije ukazuje na mogući lošiji ishod, uključujući demenciju, invaliditet i mortalitet.

Ovaj pregledni rad pruža sveobuhvatan uvid u kliničke manifestacije, terapijske mogućnosti i diferencijalnu dijagnozu PB kod starijih odraslih osoba, naglašavajući važnost individualnog pristupa lečenju.

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2025/02/26
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Vol. 75 Br. 5 (2024): Medicinski podmladak
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