Demografske, kliničke i radiološke karakteristike pacijenata sa akutnim ishemijskim moždanim udarom i akutnim simptomatskim napadima
Sažetak
Uvod: Sve više pacijenata suočava se sa različitim komplikacijama moždanog udara, uključujući akutne simptomatske epileptičke napade. Oni su povezani sa dužom hospitalizacijom, negativnim funkcionalnim ishodom i lošijim kvalitetom života pacijenata nakom moždanog udara, a bolje razumevanje faktora rizika za njihovu pojavu može olakšati njihovu ranu
identifikaciju i unaprediti lečenje.
Cilj rada: Identifikacija demografskih, kliničkih i radioloških karakteristika obolelih od akutnog ishemijskog moždanog udara i akutnih simptomatskih epileptičkih napada, kao i identifikacija prediktora njihovog nastanka u ovoj populaciji pacijenata.
Materijal i metode: Urađena je retrospektivna studija slučajeva i kontrola, koja je obuhvatila 21 pacijenta lečenog zbog akutnih simptomatskih epileptičkih napada nakon akutnog ishemijskog moždanog udara u Odeljenju Urgentne neurologije, Klinike za neurologiju, Univerzitetskog Kliničkog centra Srbije. Kontrolnu grupu je sačinjavalo 149 nasumično selektovanih pacijenata lečenih zbog ishemijskog moždanog udara, ali bez akutnih simptomatskih epileptičkih napada koji su lečeni u istom periodu. Iz elektronske baze podataka, prikupljeni su podaci o faktorima rizika za moždani udar, lokalizaciju, težinu i lečenje moždanog udara, kao i podaci EEG nalaza.
Rezultati: Akutni simptomatski epičeptički napad nakon ishemijskog moždanog udara je zabeležen kod 2,65% obolelih od akutnog ishemijskog moždanog udara u našem centru, 13 (61,9%) muškaraca i 8 (38,1%) žena. Od toga, 16 (76,2%) pacijenata je imalo akutni epileptički napad, dok je 5 (23,8%) pacijenata imalo akutni status epilepticus. Prosečna starost pacijenata u vreme moždanog udara sa akutnim simptomatskim epileptičkim napadom iznosila 68,9±15,3 godina. Utvrđena je značajna korelacija akutnih simptomatskih epileptičkih napada sa godinama ispitanika u vreme moždanog udara (τ= 0,3799, p= 0,0148) i sa mRS na otpustu (τ= 0,383, p<0,001).
Zaključak: Uočena je povezanost starosti ispitanika u vreme moždanog udara i mRS skora pri otpustu sa nastankom akutnog simptomatskog epileptičkog napada nakon moždanog udara.
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