Primena testova vegetativne kompatibilnosti za identifikaciju biodiverziteta fitopatogenih gljiva

  • Vesna S Krnjaja Institut za stočarstvo
Ključne reči: VCGs||, ||VCGs, Genetic diversity||, ||Genetički diverzitet, Phytopathogenic fungi||, ||Fitopatogene gljive, Vegetative compatibility||, ||Vegetativna kompatibilnost,

Sažetak


Vizuelna ocena fenotipa koja se izvodi kada se dva izolata ili soja jedne vrste gljive gaje u združenim kulturama na specifičnim podlogama, poznata kao test vegetativne ili heterokarionske kompatibilnosti ili nekompatibilnosti, omogućava identifikaciju klonova gljive i njihovu klasifikaciju prema filogenetskim grupama. Hife izolata koje imaju identične alele kod svih vic lokusa mogu da anastomoziraju u oblik vidljivog heterokariona. Izolati koji dele kompatibilne lokuse i mogu da anastomoziraju jedni s drugima pripadaju subpopulaciji označenoj kao vegetativno kompatibilna grupa (VCG) koja je genetski odvojena od drugih vegetativno kompatibilnih grupa (VCGs). Svaka VCG je specifična prema biljci domaćinu ili srodnoj grupi domaćina i može ili ne mora biti virulentna na drugim domaćinima.

Vegetativna kompatibilnost može biti utvrđena na različite načine, ali se najčešće koriste komplementarni auksotrofni sojevi, ili sojevi koji su nastali spontanom mutacijom tokom ishrane, a koji su sposobni da obrazuju prototrofni heterokarion. Smatra se da su nit mutanti izvrsni genetički markeri za utvrđivanje vegetativne kompatibilnosti i grupisanje sojeva ili klonova jedne vrste gljive u iste ili različite VCGs. Nesposobnost da se odredi stepen srodnosti korišćenjem VCGs, već samo da li su izolati isti ili ne, ograničava tipove analiza koje bi mogle biti postavljene. VCGs su najefikasnije kada se koriste za utvrđivanje prisustva specifičnog soja u populaciji.
U radu je dat pregled značaja fenomena vegetativne kompatibilnosti, kao jedne veoma značajne genetičke osobine kod askomiceta kojom se jedna subpopulacija može identifikovati kao posebna genetička grupa. Isto tako, dat je detaljan opis postupka za izolaciju, identifikaciju i utvrđivanje fenotipa nit mutanata, kao i za identifikaciju komplementarnih sojeva i VCGs.

Biografija autora

Vesna S Krnjaja, Institut za stočarstvo
Odsek za stočnu hranu i ekologiju, naučni savetnik

Reference

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2013/10/29
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Krnjaja, V. S. (2013). Primena testova vegetativne kompatibilnosti za identifikaciju biodiverziteta fitopatogenih gljiva. Pesticides and Phytomedicine / Pesticidi I Fitomedicina, 28(3). https://doi.org/10.2298/pif.v28i3.4293
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