Primena funkcionalnog komunikacionog treninga za redukciju problema u ponašanju kod dece sa autizmom
Sažetak
Prisustvo problema u ponašanju korelira sa deficima u komunikaciji osoba sa poremećajima iz spektra autizma (PSA), a ukoliko se osoba sa PSA podučava funkcionalnoj komunikaciji koja za nju ima istu svrhu kao ispoljavanje problema u ponašanju, može doći do redukcije tih problema i za to se najčešće koristi procedura koja se naziva funkcionalni komunikacioni trening (FKT). Cilj ovog rada je pregledom literature utvrditi efikasnost primene FKT za svaku od funkcija ponašanja, kao i načine na koje se za svaku od funkcija FKT može sprovoditi. Radovi su pretraživani pomoću pretraživača Google Scholar i ProQuest, a u pregled literature uključeni su oni radovi u kojima je primenjivan FKT za redukciju različitih problema u ponašanju. Najvažniji rezultati pregleda literature ukazuju na to da se FKT može sprovoditi sa ispitanicima koji imaju različite dijagnoze, kao i različite stepene funkcionalnosti u odnosu na način na koji komuniciraju. Osim toga, FKT se može uspešno sprovoditi sa ispitanicima koji ispoljavaju probleme u ponašanju koji su u različitim funkcijama. Imajući u vidu da FKT za svaku od navedenih funkcija ponašanja izgleda drugačije, ističe se značaj utvrđivanja funkcije ponašanja, pošto je to neophodan preduslov za uspešnost sprovođenja FKT. Osim toga, imajući u vidu efikasnost primene FKT u redukciji problema u ponašanju koje ispoljavaju deca sa PSA, ističe se da je neophodno sprovoditi obuke defektologa i roditelja, kao i svih drugih koji rade sa ovom populacijom o primeni FKT.
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