Ефекти секторске структуре страних директних инвестиција на економски развој: случај европских земаља у развоју
Sažetak
Прилив страног капитала из мултинационалних компанија широм света, у виду страних директних инвестиција (СДИ), интензивирао је економску динамику и допринео побољшању макроекономских перформанси. У појединим привредним секторима и делатностима, СДИ су постале носилац привредног раста, подстакнуте интензивним процесима деиндустријализације и реиндустријализације. Наиме, СДИ могу имати и позитиван и негативан утицај на привредни раст и развој. Ово зависи од способности привредних сектора да у одређеном временском периоду превазиђу негативне ефекте СДИ, што се може постиц́и само ако су сектори извозно оријентисани и уведу нове технологије у своје пословање, чиме се повец́ава продуктивност и конкурентност. Ординарy Леаст Сqуарес (ОЛС) панел регресија је показала да то није случај у примарном и секундарном сектору у земљама Централне и Источне Европе (ЦИЕ) и Западног Балкана (ЗБ), који су и даље претежно радно интензивни и стога имају негативан утицај на економски развој. За разлику од пољопривредног и индустријског сектора, услуге се, под утицајем технолошког напретка, профилишу као капитално интензиван сектор са статистички значајним позитивним утицајем на привредни раст и развој.
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