Iskustva sa tretmanom nasilnika u porodici u Srbiji: iz perspektive terapeuta
Sažetak
U radu se bavimo istraživanjem organizacionih poteškoća i etičkih dilema, te efikasnošću grupne terapije muškaraca koji su zbog nasilja u partnerskom odnosu upućeni na grupnoterapijski tretman. Takva vrsta zahvata u Srbiji odskora je prepoznata kao važan činilac zaštite od nasilja u porodici. Njegova primena ostala je ipak sporadična, a da bismo razumeli zbog čega, pomogla nam je analiza društvenog konteksta i stavova stručne i opšte javnosti o nasilju u porodici u našoj zemlji. Javnost i stručnjaci su u pogledu načina postupanja prema nasilnicima u porodici jasno opredeljeni: nasilnici su gotovo bez izuzetka muškog pola. Istraživačko pitanje kojim smo se rukovodili u daljoj analizi bilo je: Da li i na koji način takva vrsta diskursa utiče na rad terapeuta i lične pomake klijenata – učesnika u grupnoj terapiji? Da bismo došli do odgovora, obavili smo dubinski razgovor s jednim od terapeuta u beogradskom Savetovalištu za brak i porodicu, koji vodi grupe od osnivanja ovog programa (2012. godine). Pokazaće se da pred terapeutom i klijentima stoji velik broj izazova. Terapeuti se suočavaju sa ignorisanjem napora od struke (kako kolega terapeuta, tako i tužilaca i sudija), odsustvom sistemske podrške i institucionalnog umrežavanja, ali i sa profesionalnim sagorevanjem. Klijenti sebe često prepoznaju kao žrtve sistema, predmet su ideološkog preoblikovanja koje je društveno nametnuto, te neretko ispoljavaju otpor prema nastojanjima da se postigne njihova lična promena i iz terapije izlaze pre nego što se završi. Imajući na umu takve ishode, smatramo da je neophodno raditi na promeni dominantnog diskursa o nasilju i mogućim načinima njegove prevencije, na prepoznavanju značaja grupne terapije nasilnika kao potencijalno važnog alternativnog puta u radu sa žrtvama i nasilnicima i, konačno, na otvaranju interdisciplinarne diskusije o prednostima i manama socioterapijskog tretmana.
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