STAVOVI ZAPOSLENIH PREMA OSUĐENIMA NA KAZNU RADA U JAVNOM INTERESU
Sažetak
Da li će alternativne sankcije koje osuđeni izvršavaju u društvenoj zajednici biti uspešne u značajnoj meri može zavisiti i od stavova populacije u radnoj sredini u kojoj osuđeni izvršava kaznu. Ova studija, rađena u Beogradu (Srbija) imala je za cilj da utvrdi smer i faktorsku strukturu stavova prema osuđenim i bivšim osuđenim osobama i njihovu povezanost sa uzrastom i obrazovanjem ispitanika. Uzorak su činili muškarci iz opšte populacije (N=78) zaposleni u firmama u kojima osuđeni obavljaju kaznu rad u javnom interesu. U istraživanju je za ispitivanje stavova korišćena Skala stavova prema osuđenima (Scale for Attitudes Toward Prisoners and Ex-prisoners).
Analiza rezultata istraživanja je pokazala da ispitanici imaju pozitivan stav prema osuđenim osobama. Na skali stavova najveću frekventnost imala je tvrdnja: „Družio bih se sa osobom koja je na uslovnom otpustu iz zatvora“ sa kojom se 44,90% ispitanika „uglavnom slaže“ (MOD=4). Kod većine negativno formulisanih tvrdnji frekvencije odgovora „potpuno se slažem“su niske, kreću se od 7,70% do 15,60%. Faktorskom analizom skale stavova izdvojena su tri respektabilna faktora koja su nazvana: Odbacivanje, Poverenje i Percepcija kazne. Korelacija između demografskih varijabli uzrast i obrazovanje i stavova nije bila statistički značajna (p=0,93; p=0,86).
Nalazi studije imaju značajne implikacije za praktična psihološka i sociološka pitanja, kao što su priprema društvene zajednice za prihvat osuđenih na alternativne sankcije, i teorijska pitanja u vezi sa poznavanjem strukture, uzroka, geneze, funkcija i formi stavova prema osuđenima.
Ključne reči: stavovi, osuđeni, zajednica, alternativne sankcije
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