TEORIJA UMA I EGZEKUTIVNE FUNKCIJE KOD DECE SA LAKOM INTELEKTUALNOM OMETENOŠĆU
Sažetak
Povezanost teorije uma i egzekutivnih funkcija kod dece tipičnog razvoja potvrđena je rezultatima velikog broja istraživanja. S druge strane, postojanje veze između ove dve sposobnosti u veoma maloj meri je ispitano u populaciji dece sa intelektualnom ometenošću.
Cilj ovog rada je da se utvrdi odnos nivoa razvoja teorije uma sa bazičnim mehanizmima egzekutivnih funkcija (radnom memorijom, inhibitornom kontrolom i kognitivnom fleksibilnošću) kod dece sa lakom intelektualnom ometenošću. Uzorkom je obuhvaćeno pedesetoro dece sa lakom intelektualnom ometenošću, oba pola, koja pohađaju školu za osnovno obrazovanje i vaspitanje učenika sa smetnjama u razvoju u Kikindi (AS=12,28; SD=1,76).
Rezultati su pokazali da je razvijenost teorije uma naših ispitanika povezana sa boljim kapacitetom verbalne radne memorije (p=0,005) i većom kognitivnom fleksibilnošću (p=0,000). Nasuprot tome, nije utvrđena povezanost teorije uma sa neverbalnom radnom memorijom (p=0,222) i inhibitornom kontrolom (p=0,096).
Dalji pravci istraživanja u ovoj oblasti mogli bi obuhvatiti primenu više različitih instrumenata za procenu teorije uma i ispitivanje njene povezanosti sa egzekutivnim funkcijama kod dece sa različitim nivoom intelektualne ometenosti, u cilju šire generalizacije nalaza na ovu temu.
Ključne reči: intelektualna ometenost, teorija uma, egzekutivne funkcije
Reference
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