EFEKTIVNOST RADNIH PROGRAMA U ZATVORIMA – PRIMERI POJEDINIH PROGRAMA U SAD

Vera Petrović; Goran Jovanić; Milica Luković

doi:10.5937/specedreh16-14182

Vera Petrović Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet za specijalnu edukaciju i rehabilitaciju
Goran Jovanić Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet za specijalnu edukaciju i rehabilitaciju
Milica Luković Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet za specijalnu edukaciju i rehabilitaciju

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/specedreh16-14182

Sažetak

Kazna ili promena uz kaznu, večna je dilema kreatora politike kažnjavanja, naročito u oblasti zatvorskog sistema. Kako se na izvršenju zatvorske kazne najčešće nalaze osuđeni počinioci teških i opasnih krivičnih dela, koji prema stepenu rizika nisu mogli biti osuđeni na vaninstitucionalne kazne, postoji otpor da se težište zatvorske kazne pomeri ka korekciji. Izvršenje kazne zatvora više je okrenuto segregaciji i izolaciji, dok se u rehabilitacione programe znatno manje ulaže. Težina prestupa u kombinaciji sa antidruštvenim karakteristikama osuđenih, povećavaju potrebu obezbeđivanja i očuvanja reda, što ostavlja manje prostora za sprovođenje profesionalnog osposobljavanja. Radno angažovanje i osposobljavanje u tom pravcu odraz su ideja da osuđene treba sankcionisati za počinjenu štetu i suprotstavljanju normama društva, ali da se istovremeno mora misliti i na njihov budući život po izlasku na slobodu, na opstanak i egzistenciju putem legalnih poslova, kako ne bi vršili nova krivična dela i ponovo se vraćali u zatvor. Cilj rada je opis razvoja i primene radnih programa u zatvorskim uslovima u SAD. Ukazano je da ne postoji opšta saglasnost u idejnoj ravni, u ravni konkurencije na slobodnom tržištu roba i usluga, kao i u pogledu stvarnih efekata koje takvo angažovanje osuđenih u zatvoru zaista proizvodi i u kojoj meri utiče na redukciju recidivizma. Postojanje i osavremenjivanje radnih programa u zatvorima ipak upućuje na zaključak o njihovoj svrsishodnosti, pozitivnim ekonomskim efektima i uticaju na redukciju recidivizma, uprkos kritikama po raznim osnovima.

Biografije autora

Vera Petrović, Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet za specijalnu edukaciju i rehabilitaciju

Master defektolog - Fasper - prevencija i tretman poremećaja ponašanja

Milica Luković, Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet za specijalnu edukaciju i rehabilitaciju

Student doktorskih studija na Fakultetu za specijalnu edukaciju i rehabilitaciju

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