EMPATIČNOST DELINKVENTNIH ADOLESCENATA

Branislava Popović-Ćitić; Marija Jovanović; Lidija Bukvić

doi:10.5937/specedreh17-14249

Branislava Popović-Ćitić Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet za specijalnu edukaciju i rehabilitaciju
Marija Jovanović Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet za specijalnu edukaciju i rehabilitaciju
Lidija Bukvić Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet za specijalnu edukaciju i rehabilitaciju

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/specedreh17-14249

Sažetak

Uvažavajući saznanja o negativnoj povezanosti empatije i delinkventnog ponašanja u adolescenciji, kao i rezultate studija koji govore o tome da priroda ove veze varira zavisno od komponente empatije, sprovedeno je istraživanje koje je imalo za cilj da utvrdi da li se delinkventni adolescenti razlikuju od svojih vršnjaka u empatičnosti, odnosno da li među ovim grupama postoje statistički značajne razlike u nivou kognitivne i afektivne komponente empatije. Uzorak je činilo 120 adolescenata muškog pola, razvrstanih u dve grupe. Prvu grupu činili su mladi izvršioci krivičnog dela koji su se u vreme istraživanja nalazili u Vaspitno-popravnom domu za maloletnike u Kruševcu na izdržavanju vaspitne mere upućivanja u vaspitno-popravnu ustanovu, dok su drugu, kontrolnu grupu činili učenici beogradskih srednjih stručnih škola koji nemaju istoriju delinkventnog ponašanja u terminima frekvencije, ozbiljnosti i trajanja. Procena empatičnosti je izvršena Skalom bazične empatije (Basic Empathy Scale – BES; Jolliffe & Farrington, 2006). Rezultati istraživanja su potvrdili opštu pretpostavku da su delinkventni adolescenti manje empatični nego njihovi vršnjaci iz srednjih škola. Na ukupnoj skali bazične empatičnosti delinkventi ostvaruju statistički značajno niže skorove nego njihovi vršnjaci, pri čemu se razlike zadržavaju i uz kontrolu uzrasta ispitanika. Kada se posmatraju komponente empatije, rezultati ukazuju da delinkventni adolescenti imaju nižu kognitivnu, ali ne i afektivnu empatičnost od svojih vršnjaka. Na osnovu dobijenih istraživačkih rezultata izvedene su praktične implikacije za planiranje intervencija prevencije i tretmana delinkvencije.

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