Karakteristike, etiologija i procena seksualnog prestupništva kod osoba sa intelektualnom ometenošću
Sažetak
U radu je dat pregled istraživanja koja se bave etiologijom, tipovima i kliničkom slikom seksualnog prestupništva kod osoba sa intelektualnom ometenošću, s kraćim osvrtom na neke od metoda i tehnika strukturisane procene devijantnog seksualnog ponašanja. U pregledu mogućih etioloških faktora dat je prikaz statičkih i dinamičkih faktora rizika prestupništva i recidivizma. Rezultati ukazuju na povećanu učestalost seksualnog prestupništva kod osoba sa intelektualnom ometenošću u odnosu na osobe tipičnog razvoja. Kao najznačajniji faktori rizika za ispoljavanje devijantnog seksualnog ponašanja kod ove populacije izdvajaju se: rana viktimizacija, nerazumevanje socijanih pravila i ograničenja, loša inhibicija impulsa, problemi emocionalne i bihevioralne regulacije, kao i neurobiološki faktori povezani sa određenim genetskim sindromima. Seksualni prestupnici sa intelektualnom ometenošću za žrtve najčešće biraju decu, ili osobe koje takođe imaju intelektualne smetnje. Rezultati istraživanja naglašavaju presudan značaj kontinuirane seksualne edukacije osoba sa intelektualnim smetnjama i preventivnog delovanja u cilju ublažavanja poznatih faktora rizika za ispoljavanje seksualno devijantnog ponašanja.
Reference
Almond, L., & Giles, S. (2008). Young people with harmful sexual behaviour: Do those with learning disabilities form a distinct subgroup? Journal of Sexual Aggression, 41(3), 227-239. doi:10.1080/13552600802304909
Barron, P., Hassiotis, A., & Banes, J. (2002). Offenders with intellectual disability: The size of the problem and therapeutic outcomes. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 46(6), 454-63. pmid:12354316. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2788.2002.00432.x
Boucher, S. (2014). Sexual behavioural disorders and intellectual disability: A case study of counterfeit deviance. Sexologies, 23, 99-103. doi:10.1016/j.sexol.2014.07.008
Brown, H., & Stein, J. (1997). Sexual abuse perpetrated by men with intellectual disabilities: A comparative study. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 41(3), 215-224. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1997.tb00700.x
Broxholme, S. L., & Lindsay, W. R. (2003). Development and preliminary evaluation of a questionnaire on cognitions related to sex offending for use with individuals who have mild intellectual disabilities. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 47(6), 472-482. pmid:12919198. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2788.2003.00510.x
Clare, I. C. H. (1993). Issues in the assesment and treatment of male sex offenders with mild learning disabilities. Sexual and Marital Therapy, 8, 167-180. doi:10.1080/02674659308408192
Craft, A., & Brown, H. (1994). Personal relationships and sexuality: The staff role. U A. Craft (Ur.), Practice Issues in Sexuality and Learning Disabilities. (str. 1-22). London: Routledge.
Craig, A. L., & Lindsay, W. R. (2010). Sexual offenders with intellectual disabilities: Characteristics and prevalence. U A. L. Craig, W. R. Lindsay, & K. D. Browne (Ur.), Assessment and treatment of sexual offenders with intellectual disabilities. (str. 13-36). Chichester: John Wiley and Sons. doi:10.1002/9780470665510.ch2
Dionne, H., & Dupras, A. (2014). Sexual health of people with intellectual disability: An ecosystem approach. Sexologies, 23, 85-89. doi:10.1016/j.sexol.2013.12.004
Dukes, E., & McGuire, B. E. (2009). Enhancing capacity to make sexuality-related decisions in people with an intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 53(8), 727-734. pmid:19527433. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2788.2009.01186.x
Embregts, P., van den Bogaard, K., Hendriks, L., Heestermans, M., Schuitemaker, M., & van Wouwe, H. (2010). Sexual risk assesment for people with intellectual disabilities. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 31, 760-767. doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2010.01.018
Evans, D. S., McGuire, B. E., Healy, E., & Carley, S. N. (2009). Sexuality and personal relationships for people with intellectual disability. Part II: Staff and family carer perspectives. Journal of Intellectual Disabilty Research, 53(2), 913-921. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2788.2009.01202.x
Firth, H., Balogh, R., Berney, T., Bretherton, K., Graham, S., & Whibley, S. (2001). Psychopathology of sexual abuse in young people with intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 45(3), 244-252. pmid:11422649. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2788.2001.00314.x
Fogden, B. C., Thomas, S. D. M., Daffern, M., & Ogloff, J. R. (2016). Crime and victimisation in people with intellectual disability: A case linkage study. BMC Psychiatry, 16(1), 170. pmid:27234810. doi:10.1186/s12888-016-0869-7
Hanson, K. R., & Morton-Bourgon, K. E. (2005). The characteristics of persistent sexual offenders: A meta-analysis of recidivism studies. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73(6), 1154-1163. pmid:16392988
Keeling, J. A., Beech, A. R., & Rose, J. L. (2007). Assessment of intellectually disabled sexual offenders: The current position. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 12, 229-241. doi:10.1016/j.avb.2006.08.001
Lanyon, R. I. (2001). Psychological assessment procedures in sex offending. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 32(3), 253-260. doi:10.1037/0735-7028.32.3.253
Lindsay, W. R. (2009). The treatment of sex offenders with developmental disabilities. A practice workbook. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell.
Lindsay, W. R. (2012). Risk Assessment for sexual offending. U J. K. Luiselli (Ur.), The handbook of high-risk challenging behaviors in people with intellectual and developmental disabilities. (str. 105-120). Baltimore: Paul H. Brooks Publishing.
Lindsay, W. R., Hogue, T. E., Taylor, J. L., Steptoe, L., Mooney, P., Brien, G. O., . . . Smith, A. H. W. (2008). Risk assessment in offenders with intellectual disability: A comparison across three levels of security. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 52(1), 90-111. pmid:18174529. doi:10.1177/0306624X07308111
Lindsay, W. R., Michie, A. M., Steptoe, L., Moore, F., & Haut, F. (2011). Comparing offenders against women and offenders against children on treatment outcome in offenders with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 24, 361-369. doi:10.1111/j.1468-3148.2010.00615.x
Lindsay, W. R., Murphy, L., Smith, G., Murphy, D., Edwards, Z., Chittock, C., . . . Young, S. J. (2004). The Dynamic Risk Assessment and Management System: An assessment of immediate risk of violence for individuals with offending and challenging behavior. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 17, 267-274. doi:10.1111/j.1468-3148.2004.00215.x
Lindsay, W. R., & Taylor, J. L. (2005). A selective review of research on offenders with developmental disabilities: Assessment and treatment. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 12(3), 201-214. doi:10.1002/cpp.450
Marotta, P. L. (2017). A Systematic Review of Behavioral Health Interventions for Sex Offenders With Intellectual Disabilities. Sexual Abuse, 29(2), 148-185. pmid:25667227. doi: 10.1177/1079063215569546
Martinello, E. (2015). Reviewing risks factors of individuals with intellectual disabilities as perpetrators of sexually abusive behaviors. Sexuality and Disability, 33(2), 269-278. doi:10.1007/s1119
Nezu, Z. M., Nezu, A. M., Klein, T. L., & Clair, M. (2007). Sex offending behavior. U J. W. Jacobson, J. A. Mulick, & J. Rojahn (Ur.), Handbook of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. (str. 635-655). New York: Springer.
Nichols, H. R., & Molinder, I. (1984). Multiphasic Sex Inventory manual. Tacoma, WA: Author.
Owen, F., & Griffiths, D. (2009). Challenges to the human rights of people with intellectual disabilities. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
Reyes, J. R., Vollmer, T. R., & Hall, A. (2017). Comparison of arousal and preference assessment outcomes for sex offenders with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 50(1), 27-37. pmid:27766656. doi:10.1002/jaba.364
Roy, M. (2006). Sexuality and people with intellectual disabilities. U A. Roy, M. Roy, & D. Clark (Ur.), Psychiatry of intellectual disability. (str. 121-132). Oxford: Radcliffe Publishing Ltd.
Seghorn, T. K., & Ball, C. J. (2000). Assessment of sexual deviance in adults with developmental disabilities. Mental Health Aspects of Developmental Disabilities, 3, 54-61.
Servais, L. (2006). Sexual health care in persons with intellectual disabilities. Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 12(1), 48-56. pmid:16435330. doi:10.1002/mrdd.20093
Sex Offender Treatment Services Collaborative-Intellectual Disabilities (SOTSEC-ID). (2010). Effectiveness of group cognitive-behavioural treatment for men with intellectual disabilities at risk of sexual offending. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 23, 537-551. doi:10.1111/j.1468-3148.2010.00560.x
Sullivan, P. M., & Knutson, J. F. (2000). Maltreatment and disabilities: A population-based epidemiological study. Child Abuse & Neglect, 24(10), 1257-73. pmid:11075694. doi:10.1016/S0145-2134(00)00190-3
Teodorović, B., & Mišić, D. (1997). Seksualno ponašanje osoba sa umjerenom i težom mentalnom retardacijom. Defektologija, 30(2), 161-169.
Thompson, D. (1997). Profiling the sexually abusive behaviour of men with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 10(2), 125-139. doi:10.1111/j.1468-3148.1997.tb00013.x
Thompson, T., Caruso, M., & Ellerbeck, K. (2003). Sex matters in autism and other developmental disabilities. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 7(4), 345-362. doi:10.1177/1469004703074003
Thornton, D. (2002). Constructing and testing a framework for dynamic risk assessment. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 14, 137-151. doi:10.1177/10790632020140020
Tomić, K. (2012). Psihopatologija kod dece i adolescenata sa intelektualnom ometenošću. Sinteze - časopis za pedagoške nauke, književnost i kulturu, 2, 73-88. doi: 10.5937/Sinteze1202073T
Tomić, K., Mihajlović, G., Jovanović-Mihajlović, N., Đukić-Dejanović, S., Mihajlović, K., & Petrović, G. (2011). Dijagnoza i tretman depresije kod osoba sa intelektualnom ometenošću. Acta Medica Medianae, 50(3), 81-89. doi:10.5633/amm.2011.0315
Tomić, K., Mihajlović, G., Janković, S., Đonović, N., Jovanović-Mihajlović, N., & Diligenski, V. (2012). Risk factors for behavioural and emotional disorders in children with mild intellectual disability. Serbian Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research, 13(1), 19-24. doi:10.5937/sjecr13-1698
van der Put, C. E., Asscher, J. J., Wissink, I. B., & Stams, G. J. J. M. (2014). The relationship between maltreatment victimisation and sexual and violent offending: Differences between adolescent offenders with and without intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 58(11), 979-991. pmid:23464899.. doi:10.1111/jir.12031
Vollmer, T. R., Reyes, J. R., & Walker, S. E. (2012). Behavioral assessment and intervention for sex offenders with intellectual and developmental disabilities. U J. K. Luiselli (Ur.), The handbook of high-risk challenging behaviors in people with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Baltimore: Paul H. Brooks Publishing.
Ward, K., Trigler, J., & Pfeiffer, K. (2001). Community services, issues, and service gaps for individuals with developmental disabilities who exhibit inappropriate sexual behaviors. Mental Retardation, 39(1), 11-19.
Wilcox, D. T. (2004). Treatment of intellectually disabled individuals who have committed sexual offences: A review of the literature. Journal of Sexual Aggression, 10(1), 85-100. doi:10.1080/13552600410001670955
Wilson, G. D. (1988). Measurement of sex fantasy. Sexual and Marital Therapy, 3, 45-55. doi:10.1080/14681990903550134
Winges-Yanez, N. (2014). Why all the talk about sex? An authoethnography identifying the troubling discourse of sexuality and intellectual disability. Sexuality and Disability, 32(1), 107-116. doi:10.1007/s11195-013-9331-7