Karakteristike interakcije roditelja i dece s oštećenjem vida predškolskog uzrasta
Sažetak
Uvod: Roditeljstvo je dinamičan proces, na koji utiče ponašanje deteta i roditelja. Ponašanje dece s oštećenjem vida karakteriše odsustvo jezika osmeha i jezika pogleda, umirivanje kada su usredsređena na glas, neuobičajeno držanje tela, ispoljavanje stereotipnog ponašanja, bezizražajan izgled lica, što može da ometa uspostavljanje interakcije roditelj – dete. Cilj: Cilj rada je utvrđivanje karakteristika interakcije između majki i dece s oštećenjem vida i višestrukim smetnjama. Metod: Istraživanjem je obuhvaćeno ukupno trinaest dijada majki i dece. Od tog broja petoro dece je imalo oštećenje vida, a osmoro, pored oštećenja vida, i druge smetnje. Uzrast dece je bio od 10 do 68 meseci (AS = 31.62, SD = 19.08). Procena karakteristika interakcije majki sa decom s oštećenjem vida i višestrukom ometenošću vršena je na osnovu analize video-snimaka, a za beleženje zapaženih oblika ponašanja korišćena je Kontrolna lista za procenu interakcije roditelja sa decom povezana s razvojnim ishodima (Parenting Interactions with Children – Checklist of Observations Linked to Outcomes – PICCOLO). Rezultati: Interakcija roditelja i dece s oštećenjem vida i višestrukom ometenošću zadovoljavajuća je u tri domena: Naklonost, Responzivnost i Podsticanje. Zaključak: Roditeljima najveći problem predstavlja iznalaženje načina kako da poduče dete nekim aktivnostima ili da pruže informacije o dešavanjima u okolini.
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