Spremnost odraslih osoba sa intelektualnom ometenošću na zaposlenje
Sažetak
Uvod: Od svih osoba sa ometenošću najbrojniju grupu nezaposlenih čine osobe s intelektualnom ometenošću, koje najduže čekaju na posao. Kako bi kvalitetnije ispunile dan, ove osobe provode vreme u centrima i dnevnim boravcima u okviru sistema socijalne zaštite, ali vremenom dolazi do opadanja motivacije za zapošljavanje. Cilj: Cilj rada je da se procenom specifične dimenzije radne motivacije utvrdi spremnost odraslih osoba s intelektualnom ometenošću na zaposlenje, sa posebnim osvrtom na utvrđivanje razlika u odnosu na pol, nivo formalnog obrazovanja, tip porodičnog okruženja i evidenciju u Nacionalnoj službi za zapošljavanje. Metode: Prigodnim uzorkom obuhvaćeno je 78 ispitanika oba pola, koji su korisnici usluga udruženja za pomoć mentalno nedovoljno razvijenim osobama na teritoriji Beograda. Za potrebe istraživanja primenjena je Skala spremnosti za rad (Work Readiness Scale). Rezultati: Odrasle osobe s intelektualnom ometenošću su umereno zainteresovane za rad, ali se dobijeni rezulati razlikuju u odnosu na procenjene varijable. Ispitanici koji su profesionalno osposobljeni za rad i oni koji su prijavljeni na evidenciju Nacionalne službe za zapošljavanje prikazuju proaktivni odnos prema zapošljavanju. Podrška porodice je nedovoljna, a nedostatak podrške je izražen kod ispitanika koji žive u hraniteljskim porodicama. Statistički značajne razlike u odnosu na pol ispitanika nisu utvrđene. Zaključak: Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju na potrebu za pružanjem stručne podrške odraslim osobama s intelektualnom ometenošću o značaju rada u otvorenoj privredi, uz istovremenu saradnju sa članovima porodičnog okruženja. Takođe, potrebna su dalja istraživanja u cilju jasnijeg profilisanja spremnosti na zaposlenje i adekvatnog planiranja različitih usluga za uključivanje odraslih osoba s intelektualnom ometenošću u svet rada.
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