Senzorno procesiranje dece s poremećajem iz spektra autizma i tipičnog razvoja u odnosu na pol i uzrast
Sažetak
Uvod: Senzornim procesiranjem organizuju se čulni podražaji registrovani u našem telu ili okolini. Dosadašnja istraživanja su pokazala da su teškoće senzorne obrade učestalije kod osoba sa poremećajem iz spektra autizma nego kod osoba tipične populacije. Cilj: Cilj ovog rada je utvrditi obrasce senzornog procesiranja kod ispitanika tipične populacije i ispitanika s poremećajem iz spektra autizma, kao i polne i uzrasne razlike u senzornim profilima kod navedenih grupa ispitanika. Metode: Primenom mernog instrumenta Dečiji senzorni profil 2 ispitivane su karakteristike senzornog procesiranja kod 120 ispitanika oba pola, 60 ispitanika s poremećajem iz spektra autizma i 60 ispitanika tipičnog razvoja uzrasta od tri godine do 13 godina i 11 meseci. Rezultati: Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da postoje razlike između dve grupe ispitanika i da se te razlike javljaju kod svih devet supskala instrumenta. Utvrđeno je da ispitanici sa poremećajem iz spektra autizma imaju više poteškoća prilikom obrade senzornih informacija u odnosu na ispitanike tipične populacije, i to pogotovo u domenu taktilne percepcije. Rezultati takođe pokazuju da se s godinama obim teškoća u okviru senzorne obrade informacija kod obe grupe ispitanika smanjuje. U odnosu na pol ispitanika dobijene razlike bile su značajne u domenu sumarnog skora instrumenta u korist dečaka, ali to nije uočeno pri merenjima na svim supskalama. Zaključak: U skladu sa navedenim nalazima, pri kreiranju individualnog obrazovnog plana neophodno je uzeti u obzir sve specifičnosti senzorne obrade dece sa poremećajem iz spektra autizma.
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