PROBLEMI U PONAŠANJU KOD OSOBA SA INTELEKTUALNOM OMETENOŠĆU: OSNOVNI POJMOVI, UČESTALOST I FAKTORI RIZIKA
Abstract
Problemi u ponašanju kod osoba sa intelektualnom ometenošću nastaju kao rezultat interakcije više faktora rizika različitog porekla, što nedvosmisleno ukazuje na neophodnost poznavanja individualnih karekteristika deteta i okolnosti u kojima ono živi. Učestalost, specifične forme i topografija problema u ponašanju zavise od raznih činilaca, kako onih socio-demografskih, tako i faktora inherentnih osobi.
Prisustvo problema u ponašanju u značajnoj meri ometa usvajanje novih adaptivnih veština i negativno utiče na interakciju osobe sa okruženjem. Emocionalne i bihejvioralne teškoće su značajno izvorište stresa za osobe sa intelekualnom ometenošću, ali i za njihove roditelje i stručno osoblje. Ove teškoće, posebno agresivnost i disruptivnost, imaju veliki uticaj na odabir tipa edukativnog miljea, odnosno obima i nivoa učešća deteta u vaspitno-obrazovnom procesu, ali i na odluku da li će osoba biti institucionalizovana. Bolje razumevanje geneze problema u ponašanju kod osoba sa intelektualnom ometenošću predstavlja osnov za otklanjanje ili ublažavanje faktora rizika, kao i za kreiranje sveobuhvatnog modela tretmana.
References
Allen, D., & Davis, Dee. (2007). Challenging behaviour and psychiatric disorder in intellectual disability. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 20, 450-455.
Borthwick-Duffy, S.A. (1994). Epidemiology and prevalence of psychopathology in people with mental retardation. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 62, 17-27.
Brojčin, B. (2007). Pragmatska kompetencija dece sa lakom mentalnom retardacijom. Doktorska disertacija, Beograd: Univerzitet u Beogradu ‒ Fakultet za specijalnu edukaciju i rehabilitaciju,
Brojčin, B., Glumbić, N. (2009). Pragmatska kompetencija i problemi u ponašanju dece sa lakom intelektualnom ometenošću. Beogradska deektološka škola, 15 (2), 77-93.
Brojčin, B., Glumbić, N. (2012). Internalizovani oblici problematičnog ponašanja kod dece sa lakom intelektualnom ometenošću školskog uzrasta. Specijalna edukacija i rehabilitacija, 11, 3-20.
Brojčin, B., Glumbić, N., Banković, S. (2009). Hiperaktivni oblici ponašanja kod dece sa lakom intelektualnom ometenošću školskog uzrasta. Pedagogija, 64 (2), 225-235.
Buha Đurović, N. (2010a). Egzekutivne funkcije i adaptivno ponašanje kod dece sa lakom mentalnom retardacijom. Magistarska teza, Beograd: Univerzitet u Beogradu ‒ Fakultet za specijalnu edukaciju i rehabilitaciju.
Buha Đurović, N. (2010b). Povezanost egzekutivnih funkcija i socijalnog ponašanja kod dece sa lakom intelektualnom ometenošću. U J. Kovačević i V. Vučinić (ur.) Smetenje i poremećaji: Fenomenologija, prevencija i tretman (deo II) (str. 255-272). Beograd: FASPER, CIDD.
Buha Đurović, N., Gligorović, M. (2009). Problemi u ponašanju kod dece sa lakom intelektualnom ometenošću. U D. Radovanović (ur.) Istraživanja u specijalnoj edukaciji i rehabilitaciji (str. 145-160). Beograd: FASPER, CIDD.
Chadwick, O., Piroth, N., Walker, J., Bernard, S., & Taylor, E. (2000). Factors affecting the risk of behaviour problems in children with severe intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 44 (2), 108-123.
Campbell, S.B. (2006). Maladjustment in preschool children: a developmental psychopathology perspective. In K. McCartney K. & D. Phillips (Eds.) Blackwell Handbook of Early Childhood Development. Blackwell publishing.
Castellanos, F.X., Sonuga-Barke, E.J.S., Milham, M.P., & Tannock, R. (2006). Characterizing cognition in ADHD: beyond executive dysfunction. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 10(3), 117-123.
Clegg, J., & Sheard, C. (2002). Challenging behaviour and insecure attachment. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 46 (6), 503-506.
Dykens, E. (1998). Maladaptive behavior and dual diagnosis in persons with genetic syndromes. In J.A. Burack, R.M. Hodapp, & E. Zigler (Eds.) Handbook of Mental Retardation and Development. Cambridge University Press.
Došen, A. (2005). Mentalno zdravlje djece s mentalnom retardacijom. Medicina, 42 (41), 101-106.
Dykens, E. (2000). Annotation: Psychopathology in children with intellectual disability. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychopathology, 41(4), pp. 407-417.
Đurić-Zdravković, A., Japundža-Milisavljević, M. (2009). Neki bihejvioralni problemi dece sa lakom intelektualnom ometenošću. U D. Radovanović (Ed.), Istraživanje u specijalnoj pedagogiji, (pp. 493-504). Beograd: FASPER, CIDD.
Einfeld, S.L., & Tonge, B.J. (1996). Population prevalence of psychopathology in children and adolescents with intellectual disability: II epidemiological findings. Journal of Intellectual Disability research, 40 (2), 99-109
Emerson, E. (1995). Challenging behaviour. Analysis and intervention in people with severe intellectual disabilities. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Emerson, E. (2003). Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents with and without intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 47 (1), 51-58.
Emerson, E., Alborz, A., Reeves, D., Mason, H., Swarbrick , R., Kiernan, C., & Mason, L. (1997). The Harc challenging behaviour project report II: the prevalence of challenging behaviour. Manchester: Hester Adrian Research Centre, University of Manchester. (http://www.lancaster.ac.uk/fass/ihr/publications/harc_cb_project_prevalnce.pdf )
Emerson, E., & Einfeld, S.L. (2011). Challenging behaviour. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Glick, M. (1998). A developmental approach to psychopathology in people with mild mental retardation. In J. A. Burack, R. M. Hodapp & E. Zigler (Eds.), Handbook of Mental Retardation and Development, (pp. 563-580). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Gligorović, M., Buha, N. (2011). Adaptivno ponašanje i uspeh u školi kod dece sa lakom intelektualnom ometenošću. Beogradska defektološka škola, 17 (3), 525-536.
Gligorović, M., Buha, N. (2012). Inhibitory control as a factor of adaptive functionig of children with mild intellectual disability. Specijalna edukacija i rehabilitacija, 3, 403-417.
Hardan, A. & Sahl, R. (1997). Psychopathology in children and adolescents with developmental disorders. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 18, 369-382.
Holden, B., & Gitlesen, J. P. (2009). The overlap between psychiatric symptoms and challenging behaviour: A preliminary study. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 30, 210-218.
Janssen, C.G.C., Schuengel, C., & Stolk, J. (2002). Understanding challenging behaviour in people with severe and profound intellectual disability: a stress-attachment model. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 46 (6), 445-453.
Jones, S., Cooper, S. A., Smiley, E., Allan, L., Williamson, A., & Morrison, J. (2008). Prevalence of and factors associated with problem behavio rs in adults with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 196 , 678-868.
Kishore, M.T., Nizamie, S.H., Nizamie, A. (2005). The behavioural profile of psychiatric disorders in persons with intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 49, 852-857.
Koskentausta, T., Livanainen, M., & Almqvist, F. (2007). Risk factors for psychiatric disturbance in children with intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 51, 43-53.
Lowe, K., Allen, D., Jones, E., Brophy, S., Moore, K., & James, W. (2007). Challenging behaviours: prevalence and topographies. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 51 (8), 625-636.
Luoma, I., Puura, K., Tamminen, T., Kaukonen, P., Piha, J., Rasanen, E., Kumpulainen, K., Moilanen, I., Koivisto, A.M., & Almqvist, F. (1999). Emotional and behavioural symptoms in 8-9 year old children in relation to family structure. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 8, Suppl. 4, 29-40
Maćešić-Petrović, D., Žigić, V. (2009). Ponašanje i emocionalno funkcionisanje dece sa itelektualnom ometenošću. U D. Radovanović (Ed.), Istraživanja u specijalnoj pedagogiji (str. 505-521). Beograd: FASPER, CIDD.
Malecki, C.K., & Elliot, S.N. (2002). Children's social behaviors as predictors of academic achievement: a longitudinal analysis. School Psychology Quarterly, 17, 1-23.
Masi, G. (1998). Psychiatric illness in mentally retarded: clinical features. Adolescence, 33(130), 425-434.
Matson, J.L., Kozlowski, A.M., Worley, J.A., Shoemaker, M.E., Sipes, M., & Horovitz, M. (2011). What is the evidence for environmental causes of challenging behaviors in persons with intellectual disabilities and autism spectrum disorders? Research in Developmental Disabilities, 32, 693-698.
McVilly, K. (2002). Positive behaviour support for people with intellectual disability: Evidence-based practice, promoting quality of life. Sydney, NSW: Australian Society for the Study of Intellectual Disability.
Merz, E.C., & McCall, R.B. (2010). Behavior problems in children adopted from psychosocially depriving institutions. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 38(4), 459-470.
Molteno, G., Molteno, C.D., Finchilescu, G., & Dawes, A.R.L. (2001). Behavioural and emotional problems in children with intellectual disability attending special schools in Cape Town, South Africa. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 45 (6), 515-520.
Parmenter, T.R., Einfeld, S.L., Tonge, B.J., & Dempster, J.A. (1998). Behavioural and emotional problems in the classroom of children and adolescents with intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 23 (1), 71-77.
Ridley, R.M. (1994). The psychology of perseverative and stereotyped behaviour. Progress in Neurobiology, 44 (2), 221-231.
Smith, S., Branford, D., Collacott, R.A., Cooper, S., & McGrother, C. (1996). Prevalence and cluster typology of maladaptive behaviours in a geographically defined population of adults with learning disabilities. British Journal of Psychiatry, 169, 219-227.
Smith, B. J., & Fox, L. (2003). Systems of service delivery: A synthesis of evidence relevant to young children at risk of or who have challenging behavior. Tampa, FL: University of South Florida, Center for Evidence-based Practice: Young Children with Challenging Behavior.
http://www.challengingbehavior.org/explore/publications_docs/systems_of_service.pdf
Taanila, A., Ebeling, H., Heikura, U., & Jarvelin, M. (2003). Behavioural problems of 8-year-old children with and without intellectual disability. Journal of Pediatric Neurology, 1 (1), 15-24.
Tomić, K., & Mihajlović, G. (2008). Mentalna retardacija i depresija. Engrami, 30 (1), 41-52.
Turner, M. (1997). Towards an executive dysfunction account of repetitive behaviour in autism. In J. Russell (Ed.): Autism as an executive disorder. NY: Oxford University Press.
Žunić-Pavlović, V., Jovanić, G. (2005). Socijalno-ekonomski status, nasilje u porodici i poremećaji ponašanja kod dece s mentalnom retardacijom. Istraživanja u defektologiji, 6, 35-56.
