Self-assessment of friendships and social inclusion of adults with intellectual disabilities

Alisa Fabris; Daniela Bratković; Anamarija Žic Ralić

doi:10.5937/specedreh22-42366

Alisa Fabris Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijski fakultet, Sveučilište u Zagrebu
Daniela Bratković University of Zagreb, Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences, Zagreb, Croatia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9202-3036
Anamarija Žic Ralić University of Zagreb, Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences, Zagreb, Croatia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3357-4612

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/specedreh22-42366

Ključne reči: prijateljstvo, socijalna inkluzija, osobe sa teškoćama u intelektualnom funkcionisanju, invalidnost

Sažetak

Samoprocena prijateljstva i socijalne inkluzije odraslih osoba sa teškoćama u intelektualnom funkcionisanju

Alisa I. Fabris, Daniela M. Bratković, Anamarija T. ŽicRalić

Univerzitet u Zagrebu - Fakultet edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskih znanosti, Odeljenje za inkluzivnu edukacijui rehabilitaciju, Zagreb, Hrvatska

Uvod: Osobe sa teškoćama u intelektualnom funkcionisanju se često suočavaju sa poteškoćama u razvoju međuljudskih odnosa i socijalne inkluzije, koji su važni činioci kvaliteta života. Cilj: Ovaj rad ima za cilj da ispita perspektivu osoba sa teškoćama u intelektualnom funkcionisanju o prijateljstvu i socijalnoj inkluziji i da identifikuje faktore koji utiču na njihov razvoj, sa krajnjim ciljem definisanja preporuka za unapređenje podrške. Metode: Odabran je kvalitativni istraživački pristup kako bi se stekao uvid u subjektivna iskustva i stavove učesnika. U tu svrhu je sproveden individualni polustrukturirani intervju sa osam odraslih osoba sa lakim i umerenim stepenom intelektualne ometenosti. Rezultati: Učesnici, generalno, izražavaju zadovoljstvo svojim prijateljstvima i društvenom uključenošću. Vreme uglavnom provode sa prijateljima u centru, gde su uključeni u dnevni program. Posebno ističu važnost emocionalne podrške koju primaju od prijatelja. Pored aktivnosti u dnevnom centru, učesnici se bave sportom, ali većinu slobodnog vremena provode kod kuće. Faktori koji negativno utiču na njihovu socijalnu inkluziju i sklapanje prijateljstava su: prezašićujući odnos roditelja, uslovi života i njihova niska motivacija. Faktori koji promovišu i jedno i drugo su podrška roditelja, upotreba društvenih medija i posete različitim mestima u zajednici. Zaključak: Iako su učesnici uglavnom zadovoljni kvalitetom prijateljstava i socijalnom uključenošću, oni izražavaju i različite potrebe. Uključivanje u dnevne centre pozitivno utiče na razvoj prijateljstva i socijalne inkluzije, ali je istovremeno potrebno ponuditi inkluzivne sadržaje u zajednici, te pružiti formalnu i neformalnu podršku u ovoj oblasti.

Ključne reči: prijateljstvo, socijalna inkluzija, intelektualna ometenost, invalidnost

Biografije autora

Daniela Bratković, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences, Zagreb, Croatia

Department of Inclusive Education and Rehabilitation, professor

Anamarija Žic Ralić, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences, Zagreb, Croatia

Department of Inclusive Education and Rehabilitation, professor.

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