Taktilni znakovni jezik slepogluvih osoba
Sažetak
Uvod: Slepogluvoća je dvostruko senzorno oštećenje koje nepovoljno utiče na različite domene funkcionisanja osobe. Zahteva individualizovan pristup u edukaciji i rehabilitaciji i specifične usluge koje osobi olakšavaju učenje, participaciju i integraciju u društvo. Istraživanja ovog fenomena praćena su teškoćama koje su posledica nepostojanja konsenzusa o definiciji slepogluvoće, heterogenosti populacije, nedostatka pouzdanih testova i alata za procenu, kao i korišćenja tradicionalnih postupaka koji se često baziraju samo na utvrđivanju senzornog funkcionisanja, nedovoljno efikasnih i neproverenih metoda rada, barijera u uspostavljanju i održavanju komunikacije sa slepogluvom osobom. Cilj: Cilj ovog rada je pregled načina komunikacije slepogluvih, sa posebnim osvrtom na analizu i opis taktilnog znakovnog jezika. Metode: Za pretragu i analizu relevantnih studija korišćeni su servis Konzorcijuma biblioteka Srbije za objedinjenu nabavku – KOBSON i Google Scholar Advanced Search. Pretraga je izvršena preko sledećih servisa/agregatora: Ebscohost, ScienceDirect i WileyInterScience. Rezultati: Komunikacija sa slepogluvim osobama odvija se na različite načine i u tu svrhu koriste se: govor, znakovni jezik, prstna azbuka/abeceda, ručna azbuka / ručna abeceda, Lormova abeceda, pisanje na dlanu, Tadoma metod, pisani govor, Brajevo pismo, uvećana štampa, taktilni znakovni jezik. U studijama novijeg datuma autori ističu potrebu za jedinstvenim taktilnim znakovnim jezikom, kao prirodnim jezikom kongenitalno slepogluvih osoba.
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