Cultivating inclusion: measuring safety in Indonesia early childhood education environments for every child
Sažetak
Uvod: Bezbednost je od najveće važnosti u inkluzivnom školskom okruženju koje pruža usluge svim učenicima. Kao što je istaknuto u izveštaju UNICEF-a, u fizičkom zlostavljanju dece u obrazovanju u ranom detinjstvu (ECE), nažalost, učestvuju ne samo vršnjaci već i nastavnici i osoblje. Cilj: Ovaj rad ima za cilj da ispita procenu nastavnika angažovanih u procesu ranog vaspitanja i obrazovanja o bezbednosti školskog okruženja, strategije nastavnika u osiguranju bezbednosti škole, kao i prateća pravila za bezbednost školskog okruženja. Metod: Ovo istraživanje koristilo je kvantitativni deskriptivni pristup, prikupljajući numeričke podatke putem anketnog upitnika. Studija je uključivala 52 nastavnika ECE-a koji su prošli obuku o borbi protiv nasilja u Banjarmasinu i Banjarbaruu, dva inkluzivna grada u Južnom Kalimantanu, Indonezija. Rezultati: Istraživanje je pokazalo da su, prema podacima dobijenim od nastavnika, slučajevi fizičke agresije, maltretiranja putem interneta, verbalnih uvreda i seksualnog uznemiravanja u školama retki. Međutim, postoji potreba da se korektivnim merama obuhvate socijalna manipulacija i fizička agresija. Nastavnici koriste različite metode za održavanje bezbednog okruženja u učionici, uključujući poštovanje, podsećanje učenika na norme u učionici, promovisanje uljudnosti, podučavanje nenasilnom rešavanju sukoba i odavanje priznanja učenicima koji brane žrtve. Važno je da su nastavnici posvećeni tome, da ne prikrivaju neetičke radnje koje počine nastavnici ili učenici, čime se osigurava bezbednost škole. Ipak, procena školskih aktivnosti i propisa o bezbednosti školskog okruženja ukazuje da postoji značajan prostor za poboljšanje. Zaključak: Većini institucija ECE nedostaju jasne procedure za rešavanje sukoba, promociju različitosti, prevenciju maltretiranja, učešće roditelja, obuku nastavnika i procenu bezbednosti. Bavljenje ovim oblastima je imperativ za stvaranje sigurnijeg i inkluzivnijeg okruženja za svu decu.
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