GENERIČKE RADNE VEŠTINE UČENIKA SA LAKOM INTELEKTUALNOM OMETENOŠĆU
Sažetak
Generičke radne veštine obuhvataju paket transferabilnih veština koje doprinose sveukupnom radu pojedinaca i mogu se primeniti u različitim poslovima i radnim organizacijama. Najprikladnijim pristupom u prikupljanju informacija o generičkim radnim veštinama i adaptivnom radnom ponašanju kod osoba sa intelektualnom ometenošću (IO) smatra se situaciona procena, jer omogućava sistematsko posmatranje ponašanja u vezi sa radom. Cilj rada je da se utvrdi odnos nivoa usvojenosti generičkih radnih veština u odnosu na nivo intelektualnog funkcionisanja učenika sa lakom intelektualnom ometenošću (LIO). Uzorak čini 120 ispitanika koji se profesionalno osposobljavaju za rad, oba pola, čiji se količnik inteligencije kreće od 51 do 70 IQ jedinica. Uzorak je podeljen na grupu sa višim nivoom intelektualnog funkcionisanja (IQ 61-70) i obuhvata 75 ispitanika (62,5%), dok se u grupi sa nižim nivoom intelektualnog funkcionisanja (IQ 51-60) nalazi 45 ili 37,5% ispitanika. Rezultati adaptiranog instrumenta Situacione procene (Situational assessment form test, Cline et al., 2005) utvrdili su statistički značajnu razliku između ispitanika različitog nivoa intelektualnog funkcionisanja. Ispitanici sa višim nivoom intelektualnog funkcionisanja prikazuju veće interesovanje za rad, uspevaju vremenski duže da istraju u obavljanju dodeljenih zadataka, lakše se prilagođavaju promenama tokom rada i na adekvatan način koriste naučene radne veštine. Oni su nezavisniji i mobilniji tokom obuke, iniciraju veći broj socijalnih interakcija, prikladnije se ponašaju u radnom okruženju i uspevaju da kontrolišu umor i stres tokom rada. Informacije o generičkim radnim veštinama mogu biti u funkciji izrade individualnog plana zapošljavanja osoba sa LIO i/ili određivanju modela zapošljavanja, adaptacije radnog mesta i plasmana na određeno radno mesto.
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