KARAKTERISTIKE KOMUNIKACIJE OSOBA SA TEŠKOM I DUBOKOM INTELEKTUALNOM OMETENOŠĆU
Sažetak
Osobe sa teškom i dubokom intelektualnom ometenošću (IO) imaju širok spektar teškoća koje ih, pored nedovoljne govorno-jezičke razvijenosti, mogu sprečiti u ostvarivanju uspešne komunikacije sa drugima. Za ove osobe, samo prisustvo potencijalnog komunikacionog partnera ne garantuje uvek priliku za uspostavljanje komunikacione razmene. Usled toga, faktore koji ograničavaju ili podstiču uspešnu razmenu sa drugima treba potražiti u karakteristikama osoba sa IO, ali i u njihovom okruženju. Cilj ovog rada je da pruži uvid u specifične karakteristike komunikacije osoba sa teškom i dubokom IO. U odnosu na specifična obeležja komunikacije može se uočiti da osobe sa teškom i dubokom IO predstavljaju vrlo heterogenu populaciju. Dok neke dostižu stadijum simboličke komunikacije, druge ostaju na nivou intencionalne (preverbalne i nesimboličke) ili preintencionalne komunikacije, čak i u odraslom dobu. Neophodno je iskoristiti prirodni interaktivni kontekst uz uvažavanje različitih modaliteta kojima je moguće ostvariti komunikacionu razmenu, kako bi se osobama sa teškom i dubokom IO omogućilo da na funkcionalan način koriste svoje komunikacione veštine u svakodnevnim situacijama.
Ključne reči: teži oblici IO, intencionalna komunikacija, karakteristike
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