OSOBINE LIČNOSTI USPEŠNIH PREDUZETNIKA

Jelena Sokić; Stanislava Popov

doi:10.5937/timsact13-23906

Jelena Sokić Fakultet za sport i turizam, Novi Sad
Stanislava Popov Fakultet za sport i turizam, Novi Sad

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/timsact13-23906

Sažetak

Nagli razvoj preduzetničkog poslovanja u poslednjih nekoliko godina, vratio je ličnost preduzetnika u fokus brojnih istraživanja. Oživljavajući staru debatu vezanu za doprinos personalnih faktora uspešnom poslovanju, formirale su se dve istraživačke struje u nameri da profilišu (1) osobine koje će verovatnije rezultirati “preduzetničkom orijentacijom” i (2) osobine koje su odgovorne za uspešno poslovanje. U ovom radu daćemo kratak pregled dosadašnjih meta-analitičkih studija koje na sveobuhvatan način ilustruju kompleksnu strukturu tzv. preduzetničke ličnosti. Da bi opisali višedimenzionalnu „preduzetničku orijentaciju“, istraživači su se tokom poslednjih decenija prvenstveno oslanjali na petofaktorski model ličnosti. Rezultati brojnih studija jedino su konzistentni u pogledu otvorenosti za iskustva kao dimenzije ličnosti na kojoj preduzetnici postižu više skorove u odnosu na nepreduzetnička zanimanja. Jedna od najčešćih kritika petofaktorskog modela je njegova preterana uopštenost koja ne dopušta predvidljivost ponašanja preduzetnika u specifičnim situacijama. Zato su istraživači poslednjih godina skloniji multidimenzionalnom pristupu koji uključuje samoefikasnost, inovativnost, unutrašnji lokus kontrole i otvorenost ka riziku kao osobinama koje u istraživanjima razlikuju preduzetničku ličnost od ostalih zanimanja. Prilikom tumačenja rezultata studija o osobinama ličnosti preduzetnika, treba uzeti u obzir i razlike u definisanju preduzetničkog biznisa uzimajući u obzir veličinu preduzeća, dužinu poslovanja, kao i karakteristike samog preduzeća.

Ključne reči: preduzetnik, osobine ličnosti, petofaktorski model

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