UTICAJ SOCIODEMOGRAFSKIH FAKTORA NA RAZVOJ ANKSIOZNOSTI U TOKU PANDEMIJE KORONAVIRUSNE BOLESTI
Sažetak
Uvod/Cilj: Pandemija Kovid-19 predstavlja ozbiljnu pretnju globalnom mentalnom zdravlju. Strah
od smrti, socijalno distanciranje, ekonomski problemi, promene u obrazovanom sistemu i prestanak
uobičajenog svakodnevnog funkcionisanja indukuju psihijatrijske poremećaje, u prvom redu anksioznost.
Cilj istraživanja je bio da se utvrditi uticaj sociodemografskih faktora na razvoj anksioznosti u
toku pandemije Kovid-19.
Metode: Studijom preseka, tokom dva meseca, bilo je obuhvaćeno 200 osoba bez simptoma Kovida-19,
60,0% žena i 40,0% muškaraca, prosečne starosti 51,0 ± 9,2 godina. Sto osoba se javilo u ambulantu
porodične medicine Doma zdravlja Krupa na Uni zbog pregleda ili administrativnih razloga, a drugih
sto je bilo u njihovoj pratnji. Pored opšteg upitnika za prikupljanje podataka, korišćen je Upitnik za
samoprocenu intenziteta simptoma generalizovanog anksioznog poremećaja (engl. Generalized Anxiety
Disorder-7, GAD-7). U statističkoj analizi podataka korišćeni su χ2-test i Fisher-ov test.
Rezultati: Simptome anksioznosti imalo je 52,5% ispitanika uključenih u ovu studiju preseka, i to
35,0% blage, 15,5% umerene i 2,0% ozbiljne. Anksioznost je nešto češće bila kod muškarca (56,2%)
nego žena (50,0%), kao i kod starijih (60-79 godina) (92,6%) nego mlađih ispitanika (12,5% za uzrast
20-39 i 44,7% za uzrast 40-59 godina). Osobe sa nižim stepenom obrazovanja (44,5% ispitanika sa
osnovnom i 46,6% sa srednjom školom) su češće bile sa simptomima anksioznosti, nego osobe sa višim
stepenom obrazovanja (33,3%), zaposleni (69,5%) u odnosu na nezaposlene (43,0%), i osobe koje žive
u urbanoj (80,8%) nego ruralnoj sredini (42,6%). Simptomi anksioznosti zabeleženi su kod 51,3%
ispitanika koji su bili u braku ili vanbračnoj zajednici i kod 56,8% ispitanika koji nisu bili u braku ili
vanbračnoj zajednici. Osobe sa simptomima anksioznosti su značajno češće bile uzrasta 60-79 godina
nego osobe bez anksioznosti. Između ovih grupa nije bilo značajne razlike u odnosu na pol, stepen
obrazovanja, zaposlenost, mesto stanovanja i bračni status ispitanika.
Zaključak: Svaka druga osoba u ovom istraživanju imala je neki vid anksioznosti. Neophodna su dalja
istraživanja u ovoj oblasti i predlaganje adekvatnih preventivnih programa.
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