PSIHIČКO ZDRAVLJE I SOCIJALNO FUNКCIONISANJE DECE I ADOLESCENATA SA CELIJAČNOM BOLEŠĆU

Biljana Stojanović-Jovanović; Stevan   Jovanović; Biljana  Vuletić

doi:10.5937/zdravzast49-27413

Biljana Stojanović-Jovanović Visoka zdravstvena škola, Akademija strukovnih studija Beograd, Beograd, Srbija
Stevan Jovanović Visoka zdravstvena škola, Akademija strukovnih studija Beograd, Beograd, Srbija
Biljana Vuletić Odeljenje za pedijatriju, Fakultet medicinskih nauka, Univerzitet u Kragujevcu, Kragujevac, Srbija

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/zdravzast49-27413

Ključne reči: celijakija, deca, gluten, ishrana, psihičko zdravlje, socijalno funkcionisanje

Sažetak

Uvod/Cilj: Celijačna bolest predstavlja sistemsku autoimunu bolest koju karakteriše trajna nepodnošljivost glutena. Stanje koje nameće bolest, poseban režim ishrane bez glutena, često izaziva stres, što kod dece, a posebno adolescenata, može dovesti do poremećaja psihičkog zdravlja i socijalnog funkcionisanja. Cilj istraživanja je da se ispita da li postoje značajne razlike između dece i adolescenata sa i bez celijačne bolesti u odnosu na njihovo psihičko zdravlje i socijalno funkcionisanje.

Metode: Studijom slučajeva i kontrola obuhvaćeno je 116 dece i adolescenata uzrasta 5-18 godina sa dijagnozom celijačne bolesti i 116 dece i adolescenata bez ovog oboljenja. Ispitivane grupe su sparivane prema uzrastu i polu. Pored opšteg upitnika, za procenu stepena anksioznosti korišćen je Upitnik za pretragu anksioznih poremećaja kod dece (Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorder - SCARED). U statističkoj analizi podataka korišćen je hi kvadrat test.

Rezultati: Ispitanici sa i bez celijačne bolesti nisu se značajno razlikovali u odnosu na pol i uzrast. Deca i adolescenti sa celijačnom bolešću su značajno češće imali anksiozni (33,9%) (p < 0,001) i panično-somatski poremećaj (33,0%) (p < 0,001), generalizovanu (20,0%) (p = 0,001) i separacijsku anksioznost (32,2%) (p < 0,031), i izbegavali su školu (18,3%) (p < 0,001), nego kontrole (9,5%; 8,6; 4,3%; 19,0%; 2,6%). Između ispitivanih grupa nije bilo značajne razlike u odnosu na socijalnu anksioznost.

Zaključak: Кod dece sa celijačnom bolešću se moraju uzeti u obzir psihološki aspekti bolesti u cilju obezbeđivanja boljeg kvaliteta života. Moguće je postojanje psihološkog stresa i neprijatnosti, jer ih vršnjaci mogu izbegavati zbog drugačije ishrane.

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