EPIDEMIOLOŠKE KARAKTERISTIKE EPIDEMIJA BOLESTI ŠAKA, STOPALA  I USTA U VRTIĆIMA U BEOGRADU ZA PERIOD 2015 – 2019. GODINE

Sonja Giljača; Slavica Maris; Nataša Rančić; Milutin Mrvaljević; Zorica Mrvaljević

doi:10.5937/zdravzast50-32454

Sonja Giljača Gradski zavod za javno zdravlje Beograd, Beograd, Republika Srbija
Slavica Maris Gradski zavod za javno zdravlje Beograd, Beograd, Republika Srbija
Nataša Rančić Institut za javno zdravlje Niš, Niš, Republika Srbija
Milutin Mrvaljević Urgentni Centar - Klinički Centar Srbije, Privatna ordinacija „IVAL”, Beograd, Republika Srbija
Zorica Mrvaljević Urgentni Centar - Klinički Centar Srbije, Privatna ordinacija „IVAL”, Beograd, Republika Srbija

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/zdravzast50-32454

Ključne reči: bolest šaka, stopala i usta,ospa, enterovirus, epidemija, predškolski uzrast

Sažetak

Uvod/Cilj: Bolest šaka, stopala i usta (engl. Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease - HFMD) prvi put je u svetu prijavljena 1957. godine u Kanadi, dok je na teritoriji Beograda prva epidemija ovog oboljena registrovana 2014. godine. Cilj ovoga rada je da se analiziraju epidemiološke karakteristike epidemija HFMD u vrtićima u Beogradu za period od 2015. do 2019. godine.
Metode: Primenjena je deskriptivna epidemiološka studija. Za analizu epidemija korišćeni su podaci iz epidemioloških upitnika i informacije Centra za kontrolu i prevenciju bolesti Gradskog zavoda za javno zdravlje Beograd, medicinska dokumentacija i rezultati virusoloških analiza obavljenih u referentnoj laboratoriji Instituta za virusologiju, vakcine i serume Torlak.
Rezultati: U periodu od 2015. do 2019. godine registrovano je 20 epidemija HFMD u kojima je ukupno obolelo 220 dece. Ukupan broj obolele dece u epidemijamase kretao od 9 do 102. Dečaci su neznatno češće obolevali (52%), kao i osobe uzrasta od 2 godine (51%). Svi oboleli imali su makulopapulozne kožne promene, a veći deo povišenu temperaturu (96%) i malaksalost (68%). Enterovirus je detektovan Real-Time PCR metodom kod dva obolela deteta. Bolest nije bila praćena komplikacijama.
Zaključak: Pravovremenom primenom protivepidemijskih mera i to prijavom oboljenja, izolacijom i lečenjem obolelih, poštovanjem mera opšte i lične higijene, kao i merama tekuće dezinfekcije u kolektivu, uspešno se može zaustaviti dalje širenje infekcije.

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