POLICIKLIČNI AROMATIČNI UGLJOVODONICI, NJIHOVI URINARNI METABOLITI I ZDRAVLJE
Sažetak
Svetska zdravstvena organizacija je kao jedan od zaključaka navela da je zagađenje vazduha vodeći ekološki rizik po zdravlje ljudi. Policiklični aromatični ugljovodonici (PAU) su dobro poznati kancerogeni agensi (preko pet stotina jedinjenja) koji uzrokuju rak pluća i kože, naročito kod profesionalno izloženih radnika. Značajnim smanjenjem emisije iz savremenih industrijskih postrojenja za sagorevanje, redukcijom emisije izduvnih gasova u saobraćaju i strogim zabranama pušenja na javnim mestama, može se smanjiti ekspozicija PAU. Izloženost PAU bi trebalo bolje istražiti, posebno u oblasti masovnog biomonitoringa koncentracija njihovih glavnih metabolita u urinu. Takav biomonitoring bi trebalo da integriše ekspoziciju hemijskim kancerogenima iz različitih izvora (vazduha, vode, hrane, potrošačkih proizvoda, profesionalnih postupaka, itd.), kao i izloženost hemijskim noksama preko respiratornog trakta (udisanjem), digestivnog trakta (gutanjem) ili preko kože. Analiza koncentracije glavnih metabolita PAU u urinu visoko sofisticiranom opremom je potrebna za dobijanje validne baze podataka. Tako dobijeni podaci neophodni su za procenu rizika i kreiranje zdravstvene politike, a sve u cilju smanjivanja izloženosti hemijskim karcinogenima.
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