OBOLEVANJE I UMIRANJE OD RAKA DOJKE U MUŠKOJ I ŽENSKOJ POPULACIJI CENTRALNE SRBIJE U PERIODU 2009-2020. GODINE

Aleksandra Nikolić; Danilo Mićanović; Petar Mitrašinović; Zafir Murtezani; Marijana Banašević; Sandra Šipetić Grujičić

doi:10.5937/zdravzast52-44120

Aleksandra Nikolić Institut za epidemiologiju, Medicinski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu, Beograd, Republika Srbija
Danilo Mićanović Medicinski fakultet, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Beograd, Republika Srbija
Petar Mitrašinović Medicinski fakultet, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Beograd, Republika Srbija
Zafir Murtezani Kliničko bolnički centar „Bežanijska Kosa“, Beograd, Republika Srbija
Marijana Banašević Dom zdravlja Voždovac, Beograd, Republika Srbija
Sandra Šipetić Grujičić Institut za epidemiologiju, Medicinski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu, Beograd, Republika Srbija

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/zdravzast52-44120

Ključne reči: deskriptivna studija, rak dojke, muškarci, žene, incidencija, mortalitet, joinpoint regresiona analiza

Sažetak

Uvod: U 2020. godini, rak dojke je vodeći uzrok obolevanja na globalnom nivou kada se posmatraju oba pola zajedno, a zatim slede rak prostate i rak pluća. Međutim, rak dojke je veoma redak kod muškaraca. U okviru ove deskriptivne studije analizirano je obolevanje i umiranje od raka dojke u populaciji muškaraca i žena Centralne Srbije za period od 2009. do 2020. godine.

Metode: Podaci o obolelima i umrlima od raka dojke, kao i o broju stanovnika, po polu i uzrastu, preuzeti su iz publikovanog i nepublikovanog materijala Instituta za javno zdravlje Srbije „Dr Milan Jovanović Batut”. U okviru analize korišćene su opšte, specifične i standardizovane stope incidencije i mortaliteta. Joinpoint regresiona analiza je korišćena za analizu trenda kretanja obolevanja i umiranja.

Rezultati: U periodu 2009-2020. godine, prosečna standardizovana stopa incidencije (na 100.000) za rak dojke iznosila je 1,3 za muškarce i 65,3 za žene, a prosečna stopa mortaliteta (na 100.000) 0,4 za muškarce i 19,8 za žene. Tokom posmatranog perioda kod muškaraca dolazi do porasta standardizovane stope incidencije za 1,9% godišnje i stope mortaliteta za 2,4%, ali bez značajnosti. Kod žena značajno raste standardizovana stopa incidencije za 3,5% godišnje u periodu 2013-2020, a standardizovana stopa mortaliteta značajno opada za -0,5% godišnje u periodu 2009-2020. godine. Kod oba pola, stopa mortaliteta i incidencije raste sa godinama starosti, izuzev što je kod žena stopa incidencije za uzrast 70 i više godina bila niža u odnosu na stopu incidencije za uzrast 60-69 godina.

Zaključak: Neophodno je dalje unaprediti sprovođenje organizovanog skrininga za rak dojke kod žena na teritoriji Centralne Srbije, raditi na redukciji i/ili eliminaciji faktora rzika, kao i na podizanju svesti muškaraca da postoji mogućnost da mogu da obolele i od raka dojke.

Biografija autora

Danilo Mićanović, Medicinski fakultet, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Beograd, Republika Srbija

student

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