FORENZIČKI ASPEKTI KOMPLIKOVANIH SAMOUBISTAVA
Sažetak
Uvod/Cilj: Кomplikovana samoubistva (КS) su ona do kojih dolazi nakon što osoba počini jedno ili više ubistava. Ovaj društveni fenomen se javlja u kontekstu porodičnih tragedija. Učestalost je niska, ali se zbog tragičnog ishoda i posledica koje ostavlja na društvo javlja potreba istraživača širom sveta da obrađuju ovu temu. Cilj ove studije je analiza forenzičkih aspekata КS sa posebnim osvrtom na demografske karakteristike izvršilaca, način izvršenja ubistva i samoubistva i međusobni odnos žrtava i počinilaca KS, a kako bi se razumele okolnosti pod kojima nastaje, ali i rizik od pojave ovog društvenog fenomena.
Metode: Ovo je retrospektivna deskriptivna studija koja je obuhvatila osmogodišnji period (2015-2022). U studiju su uključeni svi pojedinci koji su izvršili samoubistvo nakon što su počinili jedno ili više ubistava. Podaci su dobijeni iz obdukcionih zapisnika i policijskih izveštaja osoba obdukovanih na Institutu za sudsku medicinu u Beogradu. Analizirane su demografske karakteristike, poreklo smrti, broj i lokalizacija rana, okolnosti slučaja, heteroanamnestički podaci, izjave svedoka, relacije između žrtava i ubica, motivi i toksikološke analize.
Rezultati: Izdvojeno je 19 КS i ukupno 39 nastradalih osoba. Žrtve su većinski bile ženskog (80%), a ubice muškog pola (89,5%). Ubice su od žrtava u proseku bile starije pet godina. Najveći broj ubica nije bio visoko obrazovan (84,2%), a veliki deo je imao neku psihijatrijsku dijagnozu (47,4%). Za obe komponente КS najčešće je korišćeno vatreno oružje (70-73,7%). Najviše se radilo o porodičnim odnosima (90%), najčešće partnerskim (60%). Vodeći motiv je bila ljubomora (45%), a potom loša finansijska i porodična situacija (25%) i milosrđe (15%).
Zaključak: КS nastaju u okviru porodice, najčešće vatrenim oružjem od strane muškaraca iz nižeg ili srednjeg društvenog sloja, koji su prethodno pokazali kritično ponašanje. Razlozi koji dovode do КS su ljubomora, svađe i bolest. Identifikovanjem komponenti КS moguće je sprečiti njihovu pojavu.
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