EPIDEMIOLOŠKE KARAKTERISTIKE KOVID-19 OBOLJENJA U JUŽNOBANATSKOM OKRUGU U 2021. GODINI
Sažetak
Uvod/Cilj: Novi korona virus ili SARS-CoV-2, se u kratkom periodu nakon svoje pojave, u Vuhanu u Kini, krajem 2019. godine, brzo proširio na ceo svet zbog čega je 11. marta 2020. godine Svetska zdravstvena organizacija proglasila pandemiju kovida 19. Do sada je prijavljeno preko 750 miliona potvrđenih slučajeva kovida 19 i 6,9 miliona umrlih. Cilj ovog istraživanja je da se analiziraju demografske i kliničke karakteristike osoba sa kovid-19 oboljenjem u Južnobanatskom okrugu u 2021. godini.
Metode: U radu je primenjena deskriptivna studija koja je obuhvatila 34.912 ispitanika, oba pola i svih uzrasta. U istraživanje su uključeni svi pacijenti kod kojih je u 2021. godini, u Južnobanatskom okrugu, laboratorijski potvrđena SARS-CoV-2 infekcija brzim antigenskim ili RT-PCR testom, bez podatataka da li se infekcija javila prvi put ili ne. Za potrebe ovog israživanja korišćeni su podaci o demografskim i kliničkim karakteristikama obolelih od kovid-19 bolesti. Kao pokazatelj obolevanja koririšćena je incidencija. Kao imenilac stope incidencije korišćen je broj stanovnika za Južnobanatski okrug i osam pripadajućih opština (Alibunar, Bela Crkva, Vršac, Kovačica, Kovin, Opovo, Pančevo i Plandište), prema popisu iz 2011. godine. Svi podaci su obrađeni u IBM SPSS Statistics 22 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) softverskom paketu.
Rezultati: U 2021. godini, u Južnobanatskom okrugu je prijavljeno 34.912 obolelih pacijenata sa potvrđenom SARS-CoV-2 infekcijom. Stopa incidencije kovid-19 bolesti je bila 11.885,7/100.000 stanovnika. Najviša stopa incidencije zabeležena je u opštini Kovačica (15.618,7/100.000), kao i u uzrastu 40-49 godina (16.040,9/100.000). U svim uzrasnim grupama stope incidencije za kovid-19 su bile veće za žene nego muškarce, osim u uzrastima 0-14 i 60 i više godina. U oktobru 2021. godine registrovana je najviša stopa incidencije kovid-19 bolesti (2759,3/100.000). Tešku kliničku sliku je imalo 8% obolelih, a 22,8% bar jedan komorbiditet, od kojih je hipertenzija (62,1%) bila najčešća. Najčešće zabeleženi simptom bolesti bila je febrilnost (73,6%). Kompletna vakcinacija sprovedena je kod 17,9% obolelih, a najčešće primenjena vakcina je bila Sinopharm (69,9%).
Zaključak: Neophodno je stalno raditi na edukaciji stanovništva o važnosti imunizacije, a pogotovo osoba koje imaju veći rizik od razvoja teže forme kovid-19 bolesti.
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