PREDIKTORI ISHODA LEČENJA HIRURŠKIH PACIJENATA U JEDINICI INTENZIVNE NEGE: PREGLED LITERATURE

Slobodanka Bogdanović Vasić; Dragan Joković; Katarina Pavić; Roland Antonić; Branimirka Arandjelović; Nikola Savić

doi:10.5937/zdravzast53-53575

Slobodanka Bogdanović Vasić Akademija strukovnih studija Šabac, Odsek za medicinske i poslovno-tehnološke studije, Šabac, Srbija
Dragan Joković Opšta bolnica „dr Laza K. Lazarević“, Šabac, Srbija
Katarina Pavić Akademija strukovnih studija Šabac, Odsek za medicinske i poslovno-tehnološke studije, Šabac, Srbija
Roland Antonić Akademija strukovnih studija Šabac, Odsek za medicinske i poslovno-tehnološke studije, Šabac, Srbija
Branimirka Arandjelović Katedra za zdravstvenu negu, Medicinski fakultet Univerziteta u Novom Sadu, Novi Sad, Srbija
Nikola Savić Medicinska škola „Miša Pantić“, Valjevo, Srbija; Fakultet zdravstvenih i poslovnih studija, Univerzitet Singidunum, Valjevo, Srbija

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/zdravzast53-53575

Ključne reči: hirurgija, jedinica intenzivne nege, prediktori, lečenje, ishodi, komplikacije, letalitet

Sažetak

Intenzivna nega podrazumeva negu životno ugroženih pacijenata, tj. negu kritično obolelih pacijenata, kojima je potreban intenzivan nadzor, lečenje i nega u cilju održavanja hemodinamske i respiratorne ravnoteže, kako bi se smanjio broj komplikacija i smrtnih ishoda. Starenje stanovništva, povećana složenost nege, kao i sve raznovrsnija patologija i simptomatologija određenih bolesti i stanja, utiču na povećanje potrebe za uslugama intenzivne nege u svim granama medicine, pre svega u hirurgiji. Cilj ovog preglednog rada jeste da se identifikuju prediktori ishoda lečenja hirurških pacijenata u jedinicama intenzivne nege (JIN). Podaci su prikupljeni pretraživanjem nekoliko baza podataka: PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science i Embase. Pretraživanje je sprovedeno za poslednjih dvadeset godina korišćenjem sledećih ključnih reči: jedinica intenzivne nege, hirurgija, prediktori i ishod lečenja. U našu analizu uključeni su radovi koji su analizirali kliničke ishode hirurških pacijenata koji su boravili u JIN. Uočava se da su prediktori ishoda lečenja hirurških pacijenata u JIN: težina kliničke slike pacijenta pre hospitalizacije, vrsta i obim operativnog zahvata, godine starosti, gojaznost, broj komorbiditeta, postoperativne komplikacije, ali i stepen organizovanosti zdravstvene službe i kompetentnost zdravstvenog osoblja. Stoga, na lokalnom, regionalnom i globalnom nivou treba razraditi kontinuirano praćenje i evaluaciju prediktora ishoda lečenja hirurških pacijenata u JIN, imajući u vidu da se hospitalizuju životno ugroženi pacijenti i da postoji visok rizik od komplikacija i smrtnog ishoda. Identifikovanje prediktora ishoda lečenja hirurških pacijenata u JIN, doprineće donošenju strategija za unapređenje lečenja ovih pacijenata.

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