FUNKCIONALNI PROFIL I PRIDRUŽENI POREMEĆAJI KOD DECE SA CEREBRALNOM PARALIZOM U SRBIJI
Sažetak
Uvod/cilj: Cerebralna paraliza je trajno i heterogeno stanje koje zahteva kontinuiranu i sveobuhvatnu podršku više različitih službi, uključujući zdravstvene radnike. Informacije o funkcionalnim karakteristikama osoba sa cerebralnom paralizom su neophodne kako bi se efikasno planirale usluge i savetovanje porodica u kliničkim uslovima. Ipak, u Srbiji ne postoji nacionalna baza podataka ili registar. Ova deskriptivna i eksplorativna studija imala je za cilj da ispita funkcionalne karakteristike i učestalost pridruženih smetnji kod uzorka dece školskog uzrasta sa cerebralnom paralizom u Srbiji.
Metode: Analiziran je prigodan uzorak od 117 dece i adolescenata sa cerebralnom paralizom (56,4% dečaka), uzrasta od 7 do 18 godina (M = 13,23; SD = 3,36). Podaci o tipu cerebralne paralize, funkcionalnosti grube motorike, finih i bimanualnih sposobnosti, intelektualnom funkcionisanju, senzornim oštećenjima (vida, sluha), epilepsiji i opštem zdravstvenom stanju prikupljeni su iz dostupne medicinske, obrazovne i psihološke dokumentacije i analizirani deskriptivnom statistikom.
Rezultati: Najčešći tip cerebralne paralize bio je spastični (65,8%), često praćen intelektualnim teškoćama (67,5%), oštećenjem vida (33,3%) i epilepsijom (24,7%). Gotovo dve trećine učesnika (64,1%) imalo je dve ili više pridruženih smetnji. Većina je imala ograničenja u kretanju, manuelnom funkcionisanju i finim motoričkim veštinama.
Zaključak: Osnovne funkcionalne karakteristike i učestalost pridruženih poremećaja bile su uglavnom u skladu sa nacionalnim i međunarodnim izveštajima, uz određene razlike u obrascima javljanja komorbiditeta. Visoka zastupljenost zdravstvenih i razvojnih teškoća potvrđuje da je uspostavljanje nacionalnog registra za cerebralnu paralizu u Srbiji urgentna potreba.
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