POREMEĆAJI GLASA KOD TRANSRODNIH OSOBA: ETIOLOGIJA, KLINIČKA SLIKA I TERAPIJSKI PRISTUPI
Sažetak
Poremećaji glasa kod transrodnih osoba predstavljaju značajan izazov u procesu afirmacije roda, jer glas direktno utiče na percepciju rodnog identiteta i psihosocijalno blagostanje. Cilj ovog rada je da pruži sveobuhvatan pregled etiologije, kliničke slike i terapijskih pristupa poremećaja glasa kod transrodnih osoba. Analizirani su hormonski, anatomski i psihosocijalni faktori koji utiču na promene glasa, tipični simptomi i akustičke karakteristike, kao i različite metode tretmana, uključujući vokalnu terapiju, fonohirurgiju i multidisciplinarni pristup. Hormonska terapija kod trans muškaraca dovodi do značajnih promena glasa, dok kod trans žena ona često nije dovoljna za postizanje željene percepcije roda, te je potrebna dodatna vokalna terapija ili fonohirurgija. Vokalna terapija, kada je potrebno, fonohirurgija predstavljaju efikasne metode za korekciju glasa, a multidisciplinarni pristup omogućava optimalne ishode i poboljšanje kvaliteta života. Ipak, nedostatak standardizovanih protokola i longitudinalnih studija naglašava potrebu za daljim istraživanjima i individualizacijom terapije. Zaključno, uspešna intervencija kod poremećaja glasa kod transrodnih osoba zahteva integraciju medicinskih, logopedskih i psiholoških metoda, sa ciljem postizanja glasovne funkcije koja je u skladu sa rodnim identitetom i podrške psihosocijalnom blagostanju.
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