Perception of Shared Spaces in Collective Housing and the Applicability of Cohousing Model Principles: A Case Study of Belgrade
Abstract
The paper explores the application of cohousing principles in contemporary collective housing, focusing on the role of design in shaping social interactions. Based on a survey of architecture students in Belgrade, it examines perceptions of shared spaces and acceptable social engagement. Results show a preference for flexible, semi-open spaces for spontaneous encounters, while spaces perceived as highly obligatory tend to provoke resistance. Despite support for collective values, willingness to redefine privacy is limited. Findings suggest shared spaces in Belgrade are treated as supplementary rather than integral, and cohousing principles can be applied selectively through graduated interaction without imposing communality.
References
Alexander, C., Ishikawa, S., & Silverstein, M. (1977). A Pattern Language: Towns, Buildings, Construction. New York: Oxford University Press.
Alfirević, Đ., & Simonović-Alfirević, S. (2020). Significance of territoriality in spatial organization of coliving communities. Arhitektura i urbanizam, 50, 7–19. https://doi.org/10.5937/a-u0-25785
Bhargava, N., & Sharma, O. (2014). Everyday Urbanism: Seminar Research (Unpublished seminar research report). School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi.
Bourdieu, P. (1984). Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste. Harvard University Press.
Bullen, P. A. (2007). Adaptive reuse and sustainability of commercial buildings. Facilities, 25(1–2), 20–31. https://doi.org/10.1108/02632770710716911
Carrere, J., Reyes, A., Oliveras, L., Fernández, A., Peralta, A., Novoa, A. M., Pérez, K., & Borrell, C. (2020). The effects of cohousing model on people’s health and wellbeing: A scoping review. Public Health Reviews, 41, Article 22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40985-020-00138-1
Chase, J., Crawford, M., & Kaliski, J. (1999). Everyday Urbanism. Monacelli Press.
Chiodelli, F. (2015, April 22). Differences and Similarities among Cohousing, Gated Communities and Other Kinds of Homeowners Associations: A Reply to Ruiu. GSSI Urban Studies Working Papers, 22. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2597485
Fagang, L., Lacarcel, F. J. S., & Simón-Moya, V. (2025). Knowledge evolution and trends in cooperatives and cohousing: A bibliometric overview. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 10(1), Article 100647. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2024.100647
Franck, K. A., & Stevens, Q. (Eds.). (2006). Loose Space: Possibility and Diversity in Urban Life. London: Routledge.
Gehl, J. (2010). Cities for People. Washington: Island Press.
Heckmann, O., & Schneider, F. (Eds.). (2017). Floor Plan Manual Housing (5th ed.). Basel: Birkhäuser.
Hillier, B., & Hanson, J. (1984). The Social Logic of Space. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511597237
Holtzman, G. (2014). Community by design, by the people: Social approach to designing and planning cohousing and ecovillage communities. Journal of Green Building, 9(3), 60–82. https://doi.org/10.3992/1943-4618-9.3.60
Jacobs, J. (1961). The Death and Life of Great American Cities. New York: Vintage Books.
Jarvis, H. (2011). Saving space, sharing time: Integrated infrastructures of daily life in cohousing. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 43(3), 560–577. https://doi.org/10.1068/a43296
Koles, B., Wells, V., & Tadajewski, M. (2018). Compensatory consumption and consumer compromises: A state-of-the-art review. Journal of Marketing Management, 34(1–2), 96–133. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.2017.1373693
Latané, B., & Darley, J. M. (1968). Group inhibition of bystander intervention in emergencies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 10(3), 215–221.
Lees, L. (2014). The urban injustices of New Labour’s “new urban renewal”: The case of the Aylesbury Estate in London. Antipode, 46(4), 921–947. https://doi.org/10.1111/anti.12020
Lietaert, M. (2010). Cohousing’s relevance to degrowth theories. Journal of Cleaner Production, 18(6), 576–580. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2009.11.016
Linden, R. (2010). An evidence-based approach to community safety. International Journal of Child, Youth and Family Studies, 1(1), 53–77. https://doi.org/10.18357/ijcyfs112010173
Lofland, L. H. (1989). Social life in the public realm: A review. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 17(4), 453–482. https://doi.org/10.1177/089124189017004004.
Lofland, L. H. (1998). The Public Realm: Exploring the City’s Quintessential Social Territory. Transaction Publishers.
Low, S. M. (1996). Spatializing culture: The social production and social construction of public space in Costa Rica. American Ethnologist, 23(4), 861–879.
Low, S., & Smith, N. (Eds.) (2006). The Politics of Public Space. Routledge.
Lynch, K. (1960). The Image of the City. Cambridge, MA: The M.I.T. Press.
Madden, D., & Marcuse, P. (2016). In Defense of Housing: The Politics of Crisis. London: Verso.
Marcus, C. C., & Sarkissian, W. (1986). Housing as If People Mattered: Site Design Guidelines for Medium-Density Family Housing. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
McCamant, K., & Durrett, C. (2011). Creating Cohousing: Building Sustainable Communities. New Society Publishers.
Newman, O. (1996). Creating Defensible Space. Washington, DC.: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Policy Development and Research.
Petrović, J., & Backović, V. (Eds.) (2019). Experiencing Postsocialist Capitalism: Urban Changes and Challenges in Serbia. Belgrade: University of Belgrade, Faculty of Philosophy, Institute for Sociological Research.
Petrović, M. (2004). Sociologija stanovanja. Stambena politika: izazovi i mogućnosti. Beograd: Institut za sociološka istraživanja Filozofskog fakulteta u Beogradu.
Pirinen, A., & Tervo, A. (2020). What can we share? A design game for developing the shared spaces in housing. Design Studies, 69, Article 100941. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.destud.2020.04.001
Rosen, G., & Walks, A. (2013). Rising cities: Condominium development and the private transformation of the metropolis. Geoforum, 49, 160–172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2013.06.010
Ruiu, M. L. (2014). Differences between cohousing and gated communities. A literature review. Sociological Inquiry, 84(2), 316–335. https://doi.org/10.1111/soin.12031
Scanlon, K., & Arrigoitia, M. F. (2015). Development of new cohousing: Lessons from a London scheme for the over-50s. Urban Research & Practice, 8(1), 106–121. https://doi.org/10.1080/17535069.2015.1011430
Turkle, S. (2011). Alone Together: Why We Expect More from Technology and Less from Each Other. New York: Basic Books.
Vestbro, D. U., & Horelli, L. (2012). Design for gender equality—The history of cohousing ideas and realities. Built Environment, 38, 315–335. https://doi.org/10.2148/benv.38.3.315
Wang, J., Hadjri, K., Bennett, S., & Morris, D. (2020). The role of cohousing in social communication and sustainable living environments. WIT Transactions on the Built Environment, 193, 247–258. https://doi.org/10.2495/GD170201
Wang, J., Pan, Y., & Hadjri, K. (2021). Social sustainability and supportive living: Exploring motivations of British cohousing groups. Housing and Society, 48(1), 60–86. https://doi.org/10.1080/08882746.2020.1788344
Whyte, W. H. (1980). The Social Life of Small Urban Spaces. New York: Project for Public Spaces.
Williams, J. (2005). Designing neighbourhoods for social interaction: The case of cohousing. Journal of Urban Design, 10(2), 195–227. https://doi.org/10.1080/13574800500086998
Yahia, M. W., Mushtaha, E., Yassin, S. A., AlFoudari, K. A., Atoum, Y. A., Opoku, A., Dirar, S., & Maksoud, A. M. (2023). Cohousing design guidelines for better social integration in the United Arab Emirates. Frontiers in Built Environment, 9, Article 1155179. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2023.1155179
The details about the publication policy, including copyright and licensing, are available at:
