INTEGRATIVE LEARNING APPROACH IN ESP/ELP: Theoretical framework of intradisciplinary, multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary, and transdisciplinary integration

Intradisciplinary, Multidisciplinary, Interdisciplinary, and Transdisciplinary Aspects of ELP/LE Instruction for Academic and Professional Purposes

  • Gordana Ignjatovic Pravni fakultet, Univerzitet u Nisu
Keywords: ESP, ELP, Legal English, integrative learning, integrated curriculum, authentic learning

Abstract


The vibrant expansion of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) has engendered multiple ESP varieties, including English for Legal Purposes (ELP) or Legal English (LE). Due to the multidimensional nature, intricate structure and ample functions of ESP instruction, this article discusses the integrated communicative learning approach to ESP curriculum/syllabus design in the context of ELP/LE instruction for academic/professional purposes. The research is rooted in the Integrated Curriculum Model, which offers a conceptual framework for designing highly meaningful and efficient integrated learning experiences in different educational contexts. This integrated approach entails an array of intrinsically correlated linguistic, methodological, pedagogical, psychological and discipline-specific dimensions, which illustrate the intradisciplinary, multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary aspects of ELP/LE instruction. The analysis of distinctive aspects of this approach is substantiated by relevant theoretical framework and examples from ELP/LE teaching practice. The paper aims to contribute to a better understanding of complexities and challenges encountered in ELP/LE curriculum/syllabus design, particularly in terms of striking the right balance between the requisite communication competences and ESP-specific pedagogy, for the purpose of facilitating an authentic, meaningful and methodologically sound instruction in line with the discourse community needs. The author urges for more extensive collaboration and joint action of relevant stakeholders in developing integrated law-and-language programs, courses and projects for academic/professional purposes. The synergy of intradisciplinary, multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary perspectives would be a valuable asset not only in terms of promoting quality legal education and language learning but also in terms of introducing the much-needed holistic approach to authentic learning for personal growth and professional development in the real-world. Such collaboration would ultimately contribute to promoting the transdisciplinary aspects of education envisaged in the framework of global competences and 21st century transferable life skills.

References

Davis, M.; Devlin, M.; Tight, M. (eds) (2010). Interdisciplinary Higher Education: Perspectives and Practicalities, Bingley, UK (p.2-38); https://philarchive.org/archive/DAVIHE-4;(accessed 24.10.2019)
Drake, S. M.; Burns, R. C. (2004). Meeting Standards Through Integrated Curriculum, Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development/ASCD, Alexandria, Virginia; (retrieved 24.10.2019) https://repository.stkipgetsempena.ac.id/bitstream/606/1/Meeting_Standards_Through_Integrated_Curriculum.pdf
Hirsch Hadorn, G. (ed.) (2009). Unity of Knowledge in Transdisciplinary Research for Sustainability, Vol. I, in: Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems, EOLSS Publishers/UNESCO, Oxford, UK; (p.1-34); retrieved on 2.11.2019 from https://www.eolss.net/Sample-Chapters/C04/E6-49.pdf https://www.oecd.org/education/2030/E2030%20Position%20Paper%20(05.04.2018).pdf.
Klein, Julie Thompson (1996). Interdisciplinary Needs: The Current Context, in: Library Trends, Vol.45, No.2, 1996, University of Illinois, 1996 (pp. 134-154); retrieved 24.10.2019. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/7bb8/6eaddd7bab1176839302b1089ae848558df1.pdf
Klein, J. Thompson (1999). Mapping Interdisciplinary Studies, In: The Academy in Transition, ed. J.G. Gaff, Association of American Colleges and Universities, Washington, DC; retrieved 2.11.2019 from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED430437.pdf
Klein, J. Thompson (2008). Education (Chapter 26), In: Handbook of Transdisciplinary Research; eds. G. Hirsch Hadorn, H. Hoffmann-Riem, S. Biber-Klemm, W. Grossenbacher-Mansuy, D. Joye, Ch. Pohl, E. Zemp, U. Wiesmann, Springer; https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-1-4020-6699-3 (2.11.2019)
Klein, J. Thompson. (2009). Unity of Knowledge in Transdisciplinary Research for Sustainability, Vol. I: Contexts of Definition, Theory and the New Discourse of Problem Solving, in: Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems, ed. G. Hirsch Hadorn, EOLSS Publishers/UNESCO, Oxford, UK; (2.11.2019) https://www.eolss.net/Sample-Chapters/C04/E6-49-01.pdf
Klein, J. Thompson (2010). Taxonomy of Interdisciplinarity, in Oxford Handbook of Interdisciplinarity (Chapter 2, pp.15-30), eds. R.Frodeman, J.T.Klein, C.Mitcham; Oxford University Press; https://msu.edu/~orourk51/860-Phil/Handouts/Readings/Klein-TaxonomyOfInterdisciplinarity-OUP_HoI-2010.pdf (20.10.2019)
Klein, J. Thompson (2015). Interdisciplining Digital Humanities: Boundary Work in an Emerging Field, (Chapter 1: Interdisciplining (pp 14-36). University of Michigan Press, 2015; accessed 20.10.2019; https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv65swxd.6?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents
Larsen-Freeman, Diane; Anderson, Marti (2011). Techniques & Principles in Language Teaching, OUP, https://acasearch.files.wordpress.com/2015/03/techniques-in-language-teaching.pdf (8.1.2020)
Miller, Raymond C. (2010). Interdisciplinarity: Its Meaning and Consequences, In: Oxford Research Encyclopedia,https://oxfordre.com/internationalstudies/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.001.0001/acrefore-9780190846626-e-92?print=pdf ; retrieved 10.10.2019
Munro, Gregory S. (1991). Integrating Theory and Practice in a Competency-Based Curriculum: Academic Planning at the University of Montana School of Law, , 52 Montana Law Rev. (1991). University of Montana, http://scholarship.law.umt.edu/mlr/vol52/iss2/7 (20.11.2019).
Newell, W.H. (2010). Educating for a Complex World: Integrative Learning and Interdisciplinary Studies, In: Liberal Education, Vol.96(.4), Association of American Colleges and Universities,Washington,DC; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260675213_Educating_for_a_Complex_World_Integrative_Learning_and_Interdisciplinary_Studies; (accessed 20.11.2019).
Pérez Cañado, M. L.; Almagro Esteban, A. (2005). Authenticity in the Teaching of ESP: An Evaluation Proposal, in: Scripta Manent 1(1), pp.35-43, The Slovene Association of LSP Teachers, http://scriptamanent.sdutsj.edus.si/ScriptaManent/article/view/5/3 (accessed 25.1.2020)
Thompson, Grahame (2010). Disciplinarity, Cross-Disciplinarity and ‘Performance’, Working paper 70, International Center for Business and Politics, Copenhagen Business School, Frederiksberg, Denmark; https://research.cbs.dk/files/58951494/working_paper_no70_Disciplinarity_Cross_Disciplinarity_and_Performance_Grahame_Thompson.pdf (retrieved 10.11.2019)
Tokarz, K.; Lopez, A.S.; Maisel, P.; Seibel, R.F. (2014). Legal Education at a Crossroads: Innovation, Integration, and Pluralism Required! in: Washington University Journal of Law & Policy, Vol.43/2014; https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1782&context=law_journal_law_policy
VanTassel-Baska, J.; Wood, S. (2010). The Integrated Curriculum Model (ICM), in: Learning and Individual Differences, 20 (2010), 345-357, Elsevier Inc. (accessed 10.1.2020) https://www.academia.edu/14566179/The_Integrated_Curriculum_Model_ICM_?auto=download
Wilson, Richard J. (2018).The Global Evolution of Clinical Legal Education: More Than a Method, Cambridge University Press; https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/global-evolution-of-clinical-legal-education/5D3EBED1A0A77197E0ADCD78A1DA0780#fndtn-contents (accessed 7.1.2020);
Ignjatovic, Gordana (2009) Legal English Files 1 (Intermediate coursebook), Centar za publikacije, Pravni fakultet Niš, 2009; ISBN 987-86-7148-088-8
Ignjatovic, Gordana (2011). Legal English Files 2 (Upper-intermediate coursebook), Centar za publikacije, Pravni fakultet Niš, 2011; ISBN 987-86-7148-147-2
Ignjatovic, G. (2017 a). Multiple Intelligences in ELP Instruction in Tertiary Education: Integrated Communicative MI-based Activities in Adult ELP/LE Classrooms, In: ESAP The Journal of Teaching English for Specific and Academic Purposes, Vol.5, No.3, 2017(pp.567-587); accessed 20.1.2020 http://espeap.junis.ni.ac.rs/index.php/espeap/article/view/569
Ignjatovic, G. (2017 b). English For Legal Purposes: The Role of Legal English in Legal Education in the Globalized World, In: Globalisation and Law, Collection of Papers from the International Conference, 2017, Faculty of Law, University of Niš; eds. S.Knežević, M.Nastić; Pravni fakultet Niš (pp.133-173); http://www.prafak.ni.ac.rs/files/centar_pub/Globalisation-and-Law-final-DEC2017.pdf, (retrieved 20.2.2020)
Institutional resources
CoE (2002): Maastricht Global Education Declaration, European Strategy Framework for Improving and Increasing Global Education in Europe to the year 2015, Europe-wide Global Education Congress, 15-17 Nov.2002, Maastricht, Netherlands, Council of Europe; https://rm.coe.int/168070e540 (19.2.2020)
CoE (2019): Global Education Guidelines: Concepts and methodologies on global education for educators and policy makers, North-South Centre of the CoE, Lisbon (A.Cabezudo, F.Cicala, M.L.de Bivar Black, M.C.da Silva, 2019); https://rm.coe.int/prems-089719-global-education-guide-a4/1680973101
CoE (2020): The Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR Global scale 2001), https://www.coe.int/en/web/common-european-framework-reference-languages/table-1-cefr-3.3-common-reference-levels-global-scale (accessed 28.2.2020).
ESF/European Science Foundation (2011). European Peer Review Guide: Integrating Policies and Practices into Coherent Procedures: A report by ESF (C. Marras, F. Ranjbaran); (24.10.2019) http://www.esf.org/fileadmin/user_upload/esf/European_Peer_Review_Guide_2011.pdf
GSP /Great School Partnership (2014): Glossary of Educational Reform (online): Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives, Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy, https://www.edglossary.org/blooms-taxonomy/; Competency-based Learning, https://www.edglossary.org/competency-based-learning/; (17.2.2020)
OECD (2018): The Future of Education and Skills, OECD Education 2030, Position paper, Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, Paris, France; (19.2.2020) https://www.oecd.org/education/2030/E2030%20Position%20Paper%20(05.04.2018).pdf
OECD PISA (2018): the OECD PISA Global Competence Framework: Preparing youth for an inclusive and sustainable world; https://www.oecd.org/education/Global-competency-for-an-inclusive-world.pdf
OECD CERI/ Centre for Educational Research and Innovation (1972). Interdisciplinarity: Problems of Teaching and Research in Universities (report), eds. L. Apostel, G. Berger, A. Briggs, OECD, Paris, https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED061895.pdf (retrieved 10.10.2019)
P21 (2007). Framework for 21st Century Learning, Partnership for 21st Century Learning; http://static.battelleforkids.org/documents/p21/P21_framework_0816_2pgs.pdf (posted 2019); https://www.apple.com/education/docs/Apple-P21Framework.pdf (retrieved 17.1.2020)
UN General Assembly, Resolution A/C.2/57/L.83, 10 December 2002, based on the UN World Summit on Sustainable Development, 26 Aug.-4 Sept. 2002 (A/CONF.199/20), Johannesburg, South Africa; https://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/C.2/57/L.83&Lang=E (accessed 19.2.2020)
UN SDA/Sustainable Development Agenda (2015): Transforming our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, UN General Assembly Resolution A/Res/70/1, NY, Sept.2015; https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/21252030%20Agenda%20for%20Sustainable%20Development%20web.pdf; (retrieved 19.2.2020).
UNESCO (2012): Shaping the Education of Tomorrow: 2012 Report on the UN Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (abridged), UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Paris, France ; https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/919unesco1.pdf; (retrieved 19.2.2020)
UNESCO (2015). Rethinking Education: Towards a global common good? UNESCO, Paris (19.2.2020) http://www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/FIELD/Cairo/images/RethinkingEducation.pdf;https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N15/291/89/PDF/N1529189.pdf?OpenElement;
UNESCO (2018). Issues and trends in Education , A. Leicht, J. Heiss and W. J. Byun (eds), UNESCO, Paris, France; https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000261445 (accessed 19.2.2020).
UNESCO IBE/International Bureau of Education (2013). Glossary of Curriculum Terminology, http://www.ibe.unesco.org/fileadmin/user_upload/Publications/IBE_GlossaryCurriculumTerminology2013_eng.pdf (accessed 1.9.2019)
University of Leicester (2020); Learning theories: David Kolb-Experiential Learning, Doctoral College, E-Resources (Study guides), University of Leicester, UK; (accessed 25.1.2020) https://www2.le.ac.uk/departments/doctoralcollege/training/eresources/teaching/theories/kolb
Pravni fakultet u Nisu (2020)/Law Faculty Niš website: Nastavni plan za Engleski jezik (2.sem.)/ELP Course Syllabus (I year), http://www.prafak.ni.ac.rs/files/silabusi/osnovne/engleski-jezik.pdf; Nastavni plan za Engleski jezik pravne struke 1 (6.sem.)/ Legal English 1 Course Syllabus (III year): http://www.prafak.ni.ac.rs/files/silabusi/osnovne/eng-struke-1.pdf; Nastavni plan i program za Engleski jezik pravne struke 2 (8. sem)/ Legal English 2 Course Syllabus (IV year): http://www.prafak.ni.ac.rs/files/silabusi/osnovne/eng-jezik-struke-2.pdf (accessed 2.7.2020).
Pravni fakultet u Nisu: Izveštaj o rezultatima studentske ankete za vrednovanje pedagoškog rada nastavnika, 2013/2014, 2014/2015, 2015/2016, 2016/2017, 2018/2019 (Quality Evaluation Reports 2008-2019, Law Faculty, University of Nis) http://www.prafak.ni.ac.rs/files/kvalitet/prilozi_izvestaj_SV_2016/P5.7.pdf; http://www.prafak.ni.ac.rs/files/kvalitet/prilozi_izvestaj_SV_2019/Prilog-5.7..pdf (accessed 2.7.2020).
Graphic illustrations (sources)
Figure 1: a) Geometric Marble Jali, India, (S.Ray/photo); https://www.simonray.com/catalogue.php?id=27; b) Electronics and Communication/blog: (2010); http://electronics4viewers.blogspot.com/2010/07/capacity-and-frequency-re-use.html; c) Fig. 4. Christaller's Hexagonal Arrangement (1933): G.van Otten, D. Bellafior, Penn State College of Earth and Mineral Sciences, (2020), https://www.e-education.psu.edu/geog597i_02/node/680; d) 5 Hexagon Venn Diagrame, Pinterest, https://www.pinterest.com/pin/823103269381600706/ (20.7.2020)
Figure 2: a) Hexagon drawing 3 line symmetry, Ya-Webdesign (2018),https://ya-webdesign.com/image/hexagon-drawing-3-line-symmetry/2674508.html; b) Hexagon Honeycomb Geometry Beehive, Favpng (2019), https://favpng.com/png_view/shape-hexagon-honeycomb-geometry-beehive-clip-art-png/g91hdKBP; HD Png, VHV.rs; https://www.vhv.rs/viewpic/hoiRhmo_circle-hd-png-download/; c) Prime Hexagon: T.Gallion (2016), http://www.hexspin.com/cell-types/; d) ITkiri: Clusters (2007); http://itkiri.blogspot.com/2006/07/formation-of-clusters.html; Fig.4.27 Lösch Model (1954), Penn State College Earth and Mineral Sciences, (2020), https://www.e-education.psu.edu/geog597i_02/node/685 (accessed 20.7.2020)
Figure 3: a) Hexagonal structure (Fig.10A./P.Dehai. Body-Centered Cubic Metals and Alloys.in: Acta Metallurgica Sinca 2014/27(1); https://www.amse.org.cn/article/2014/1006-7191-27-1-1/40195_2013_14_Fig10_HTML.gif; b) Honeycom graphics; https://www.vecteezy.com/vector-art/297332-front-and-side-view-of-honeycomb; c) Hexagonal Cellular Automata, Softology, June 2020; https://softologyblog.wordpress.com (accessed 20.7.2020)
Figure 4: a) Sphere-shaped hexagonal grid, Stackoverflow/blog, A.Franke, 2017; https://stackoverflow.com/questions/46777626/mathematically-producing-sphere-shaped-hexagonal-grid; b) Fractal Hexagon Cylinder Cup, My mini factory/blog, 2019, https://www.myminifactory.com/object/3d-print-fractal-hexagon-cylinder-cup-104454; c) Hex grids, 20 Fun Grid Facts/blog. H.Tulleken, 2014, https://www.gamasutra.com/blogs/HermanTulleken/20140912/225495/20_Fun_Grid_Facts_Hex_Grids.php; d) Volume of 3-D torus shape, J.Clark, Mathematics Stackexchange (2015); (accessed 20.7.2020); https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/1159329/trying-to-find-the-volume-of-a-3d-torus-shape-that-i-made
Published
2020/12/23
Section
Professional Paper