Comparative micro-morphological and anatomical analysis of leaves of cultivated and hybrid forms of weedy sunflower
Keywords:
epidermis, stomata, trichomes, herbicides efficiency
Abstract
There are various opinions in the literature about the importance of morpho-anatomical features of leaves, such as number of stomata, presence of trichomes, cuticle thickness, cell size, leaf thickness, etc. for susceptibility of plants to foliar herbicides. Since the differences in the plant's sensitivity to herbicides may be due to differences in leaaf sufrace and inner structure of leaves, in this research we pefrormed a detailed micromorphological and anatomical analysis of leaves of tolerant and sensitive sunflower forms, both cultivated hybrids and wild populations of hybrid forms (HFDS). It is interesting that there were no significant differences in the number of trichomes and stomata between resistant and susceptible HFKS populations, but in comercial sunflower genotypes it was. Namely, the number of stomata in the sensitive comercial sunflower hybrid were significantly higher than in the tolerant ones, but the tolerant hybrids had significantly more leaf hair than the sensitive one, so it is possible that the higher density of trichomes makes it impossible for the herbicides to reach the surface of the leaf epidermis, resulting in their less uptake. It has also been shown that plants with different susceptibilities to herbicides also differ in various anatomical parameters.
References
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Baum, S. F., Karanastasis, L., Rost, T. L.: Morphogenetic effect of the herbicide Cinch on Arabidopsis thaliana root development. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 17, 107-114, 1998.
Bayer, D. E., Foy, C. L., Mallory, T. E., Cutter, E. G.: Morphological and histological effects of trifluralin on root development. American Journal of Botany, 54, 945-952, 1967.
Boutsalis, P., Karotam, J., Powles, S. B.: Molecular basis of resistance to acetolactate synthase-inhibiting herbicides in Sisymbrium orientale and Brassica tournefortii. Pesticide Science, 55, 507-516, 1999.
Bozic, D., Saric, M., Malidza, G., Ritz, C., Vrbnicanin, S.: Resistance of sunflower hybrids to imazamox and tribenuron-methyl. Crop Protection, 39, 1-10, 2012.
Božić, D., Sarić-Krsmanović, M., Matković, A., Vranješ, F., Jarić, S., Vrbničanin, S.: The response of weedy sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) to nicosulfuron: an examination of vegetative parameters and acetolactate synthase activity. Archives of Biological Sciences, 71(2), 305-313, 2019.
Bukovac, M.: Herbicide entry into plants. In: L.J. Audus et al. (Eds.) Herbicides. Physiology, Biochemistry, Ecology. Academic Prss. London, 1976.
Chamel, A. Vitton, N.: Sorption and diffusion of 14C-atrazine through isolated plant cuticles. Chemosphere, 33, 995-1003, 1996.
China, A. J., Brun, W. A.: Stomatal size and frequency in soybeans. Crop Science, 15, 309-313, 1975.
Daubenmire, R.: Steppe vegetation of Washington. Bulletin of the Washington Agricultural Experimental Station, 62, 80-82, 1970.
Di Tomaso, J. M.: Barriers to Foliar Penetration and Uptake of Herbicides. Proceedings of the California Weed Science Society, 51, 150-155, 1999.
Espigares, T. Peco, B.: Mediterranean Annual Pasture Dynamics: Impact of Autumn Drought. Journal of Ecology 83, 135-142, 1995.
Ferreira, E. A., Procopio, S. O., Silva, E. A. M., Silva, A. A., Rufino, R. J. N.: Estudos anatomicos de folhas de plantas daninhas. I- Nicandra physaloides, Solanum viarum, Solanum americanum e Raphanus raphanistrum. Planta Daninha, 2, 159-167, 2002.
Ferreira, E. A., Ventrella, M. C., Santos, J. B., Barbosa, M. H. P., Silva, A. A., Procopio, S. O., Silva, E. A. M.: Leaf blade quantitative anatomy of sugarcane cultivars and clones. Planta Daninha, 25, 25-34, 2007.
Fischer, A.J., Bayer, D.E., Carriere, M.D., Ateh, C.N., Yim K.-O.: Mechanisms of Resistance to Bispyribac- Sodium in an Echinochloa phyllopogon accession. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 68: 156-165, 2000.
Grangeot, M., Chauvel, B., Gauvrit, C.: Spray retention, foliar uptake and translocation of glufosinate and glyphosate in Ambrosia artemisiifolia. Weed Research, 46, 152-162, 2006.
Holt, J. S., Thill, D. C.: Growth and productivity of resistant plants. In: Powles, S.B., Holtum, J.A.M., eds. Herbicide resistance in plants. Biology and Biochemistry. Boca Raton, FL, USA: Lewis Publishers, 1994, pp. 299-316.
Huang, J. K., Rozelle, S., Pray, C., Wang, Q. F.: Plant biotechnology in China. Science, 295, 674-677, 2002.
Hull, H. M.: Leaf structure as related to absorption of pesticides and other compounds. Residue Reviews, 38, 1-155, 1970.
Ismail, B. S., Chuah, T. S., Khatijah, H. H.: Mechanism of Paraquat Resistance in Crassocephalum crepidioides (Benth.) S. Moore During Immature Stage. Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science, 27, 1-10, 2004.
King, J. M.: Methods of testing the reaction to herbicides of cultivars of peas (Pisum sativum L.), broad beans (Vicia faba L. Partum) and dwarf beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and the practical value of the results. Brighton Crop Protection Conference –Weeds, 453-460, 1980.
Kust, C. A., Struckmeyer, B. E.: Effects of trifluralin on growth, nodulation and anatomy of soybeans. Weed Science, 19, 147-152, 1971.
Lisek, J., Habdas, H., Gawronski, W. S.: Relationship between selected morphological, anatomical and cytological characteristics of leaves and the level of tolerance to herbicides in strawberry cultivars. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 24, 371-378, 2002.
Liu, Z.: Effects of surfactants on foliar uptake of herbicides- a complex scenario. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 35, 149-153, 2004.
Malpassi, R. N.: Herbicide effects on cuticle ultrastructure in Eleusine indica and Portulaca oleracea. Biocell, 30, 51-56, 2006.
McWhorter, C. G.: Control of johnsongrass ecotypes. Weed Science, 19, 229-233, 1971.
Nandula, V. K., Messersmith, C. G.: Resistance to BAY MKH 6562 in Wild Oat (Avena fatua). Weed Technology, 15, 343- 347, 2001.
Osuna, M. D., Vidotto, F., Fischer, A. J., Bayer, D. E., Prado, R. D., Ferrero, A.: Cross- resistance to Bispyribac- sodium and bensulfuron- methyl in Echinochloa phyllopogon and Cyperus difformis. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 73, 9-17, 2002.
Pavlović, D., Vrbničanin, S., Reinhardt, C., Fischer, A.: Osetljivost vrsta Conyza canadensis (L) Cronquist i Conyza bonariensis (L) Cronquist na glifosat. Acta herbologica, 17, 179-185, 2008.
Pline, W. A., Viator, R., Wilcut, J. W., Edmisten, K. L., Thomas, J., Wells, R.: Reproductive abnormalities in glyphosate-resistant cotton caused by lower CP4-EPSPS levels in the male reproductive tissue. Weed Science, 50, 438-447, 2002.
Popova, L.: Effect of fluridone on plant development, leaf anatomy and plastid ultrastructure of barley plants. Bulgarian Journal of Plant Physiology, 22, 3–12, 1996.
Ricotta, J. A., Masiunas, J. B.: Relationship of leaf surface characteristics to acilfluorfen tolerance in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and related species. Weed Science, 40, 402-407, 1992.
Ruzin, S. E.: Plant Microtechnique and Microscopy. Oxford University Press, New York, London, 1999.
Ryerse, J. S., Downer, R. A., Samsons, R. D., Feng, P. C. C.: Effect of glyphosate spray droplets on leaf cytology in velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti). Weed Science, 52, 302-309, 2004.
Santos, I. C., Meira, R. M. S. A., Ferreira, F. A., Santos, L. D. T., Miranda, G. V.: Caracteristicas anatomicas de duas especies de trapoeraba e a eficiencia do glyphosate. Planta Daninha, 20, 1-8, 2002.
Sanyal, D., Bhowmik, P., Reddy, K.: Leaf characteristics and surfactants affect primisulfuron droplet spread in three broadleaf weeds. Weed Science, 54, 16-22, 2006a.
Sanyal, D., Bhowmik, P., Reddy, K.: Influence of leaf surface micromorphology, wax content, and surfactant on pirimisulfuron droplet spread on barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) and green foxtail (Setaria viridis). Weed Science, 54, 627-633, 2006b.
Sasaki, S., Kozlowski, T. T.: Variable photosynthetic responses of Pinus resinosa seedlings to herbicides. Nature, 209, 1042-1043, 1966.
Schreiber, L.: Polar paths of diffusion across plant cuticles: new evidence for an old hypothesis. Annals of Botany 95: 1069-1073, 2005.
Skaltsa, H., Verykokidou, E., Harvala, C., Karabourniotis, G., Manetasi, Y.: UV-B protective potential and flavonoid content of leaf hairs of Quercus ilex. Phytochemistry, 37, 987-990, 1994.
Solymosi, P., Nagy, P.: ALS-resistance in Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.: ALS-gatlo herbicidekkel szembeni rezisztencia vizsgalata a Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. Biotipusaiban. Novenyvedelem, 34, 353-364, 1998.
Tardif, F.J., Rajcan, I., Costea, M.: A mutation in the herbicide target site acetohydroxyacid synthase produces morphological and structural alterations and reduces fitness in Amaranthus powellii. New Phytologist, 169, 251-264, 2006.
Taylor, F. E., Cobb, A. H., Davies, L. G.: The effects of bentazon on stomatal behavior in Chenopodium album L. New Phytologist, 63, 369-376, 1980.
Treutter, D.: Significance of Flavonoids in Plant Resistance and Enhancement of Their Biosynthesis. Plant biology (Stuttg) 7, 581-591, 2005.
Tuffi Santos, L. D., Sant'Anna-Santos, B. F., Meira, R. M. S. A., Ferreira, F. A., Tiburcio, R. A. S., Machado, A. F. L.: Leaf anatomy and morphometry in three eucalypt clones treated with glyphosate. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 69, 129-136, 2009.
Valverde, P. L., Fornoni, J. J., Nunez-Farfan, J.: Defensive role of leaf trichomes in resistance to herbivorous insects in Datura stramonium. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 14, 424–432, 2001.
Vaughn, K. C.: Characerization of Triazine-Resistant and –Susceptible Isolines of Canola (Brassica napus L.). Plant Physiology, 82, 859-863, 1986.
Vranješ, F., Božić, D., Rančić, D., Vrbničanin, S.: Age-related leaf surface characteristics of Chenopodium album and Abutilon theophrasti. In: Proceedings of VIII congress on plant protection: Integrated Plant Protection for Sustainable Crop Production and Forestry, Zlatibor, Serbia, 2019, 160-161.
Vranješ, F., Božić, D., Rančić, D., Anđelković, A., Vrbničanin, S.: Proučavanje anatomske građe lista Chenopodium album u funkciji osetljivosti na herbicide. Acta herbologica, 26(1), 31-39, 2017.
Zimdahl, R.L.: Fundamentals of weed science. Academic Press, Elsevier Inc. USA, pp.666, 2007.
Baum, S. F., Karanastasis, L., Rost, T. L.: Morphogenetic effect of the herbicide Cinch on Arabidopsis thaliana root development. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 17, 107-114, 1998.
Bayer, D. E., Foy, C. L., Mallory, T. E., Cutter, E. G.: Morphological and histological effects of trifluralin on root development. American Journal of Botany, 54, 945-952, 1967.
Boutsalis, P., Karotam, J., Powles, S. B.: Molecular basis of resistance to acetolactate synthase-inhibiting herbicides in Sisymbrium orientale and Brassica tournefortii. Pesticide Science, 55, 507-516, 1999.
Bozic, D., Saric, M., Malidza, G., Ritz, C., Vrbnicanin, S.: Resistance of sunflower hybrids to imazamox and tribenuron-methyl. Crop Protection, 39, 1-10, 2012.
Božić, D., Sarić-Krsmanović, M., Matković, A., Vranješ, F., Jarić, S., Vrbničanin, S.: The response of weedy sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) to nicosulfuron: an examination of vegetative parameters and acetolactate synthase activity. Archives of Biological Sciences, 71(2), 305-313, 2019.
Bukovac, M.: Herbicide entry into plants. In: L.J. Audus et al. (Eds.) Herbicides. Physiology, Biochemistry, Ecology. Academic Prss. London, 1976.
Chamel, A. Vitton, N.: Sorption and diffusion of 14C-atrazine through isolated plant cuticles. Chemosphere, 33, 995-1003, 1996.
China, A. J., Brun, W. A.: Stomatal size and frequency in soybeans. Crop Science, 15, 309-313, 1975.
Daubenmire, R.: Steppe vegetation of Washington. Bulletin of the Washington Agricultural Experimental Station, 62, 80-82, 1970.
Di Tomaso, J. M.: Barriers to Foliar Penetration and Uptake of Herbicides. Proceedings of the California Weed Science Society, 51, 150-155, 1999.
Espigares, T. Peco, B.: Mediterranean Annual Pasture Dynamics: Impact of Autumn Drought. Journal of Ecology 83, 135-142, 1995.
Ferreira, E. A., Procopio, S. O., Silva, E. A. M., Silva, A. A., Rufino, R. J. N.: Estudos anatomicos de folhas de plantas daninhas. I- Nicandra physaloides, Solanum viarum, Solanum americanum e Raphanus raphanistrum. Planta Daninha, 2, 159-167, 2002.
Ferreira, E. A., Ventrella, M. C., Santos, J. B., Barbosa, M. H. P., Silva, A. A., Procopio, S. O., Silva, E. A. M.: Leaf blade quantitative anatomy of sugarcane cultivars and clones. Planta Daninha, 25, 25-34, 2007.
Fischer, A.J., Bayer, D.E., Carriere, M.D., Ateh, C.N., Yim K.-O.: Mechanisms of Resistance to Bispyribac- Sodium in an Echinochloa phyllopogon accession. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 68: 156-165, 2000.
Grangeot, M., Chauvel, B., Gauvrit, C.: Spray retention, foliar uptake and translocation of glufosinate and glyphosate in Ambrosia artemisiifolia. Weed Research, 46, 152-162, 2006.
Holt, J. S., Thill, D. C.: Growth and productivity of resistant plants. In: Powles, S.B., Holtum, J.A.M., eds. Herbicide resistance in plants. Biology and Biochemistry. Boca Raton, FL, USA: Lewis Publishers, 1994, pp. 299-316.
Huang, J. K., Rozelle, S., Pray, C., Wang, Q. F.: Plant biotechnology in China. Science, 295, 674-677, 2002.
Hull, H. M.: Leaf structure as related to absorption of pesticides and other compounds. Residue Reviews, 38, 1-155, 1970.
Ismail, B. S., Chuah, T. S., Khatijah, H. H.: Mechanism of Paraquat Resistance in Crassocephalum crepidioides (Benth.) S. Moore During Immature Stage. Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science, 27, 1-10, 2004.
King, J. M.: Methods of testing the reaction to herbicides of cultivars of peas (Pisum sativum L.), broad beans (Vicia faba L. Partum) and dwarf beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and the practical value of the results. Brighton Crop Protection Conference –Weeds, 453-460, 1980.
Kust, C. A., Struckmeyer, B. E.: Effects of trifluralin on growth, nodulation and anatomy of soybeans. Weed Science, 19, 147-152, 1971.
Lisek, J., Habdas, H., Gawronski, W. S.: Relationship between selected morphological, anatomical and cytological characteristics of leaves and the level of tolerance to herbicides in strawberry cultivars. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 24, 371-378, 2002.
Liu, Z.: Effects of surfactants on foliar uptake of herbicides- a complex scenario. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 35, 149-153, 2004.
Malpassi, R. N.: Herbicide effects on cuticle ultrastructure in Eleusine indica and Portulaca oleracea. Biocell, 30, 51-56, 2006.
McWhorter, C. G.: Control of johnsongrass ecotypes. Weed Science, 19, 229-233, 1971.
Nandula, V. K., Messersmith, C. G.: Resistance to BAY MKH 6562 in Wild Oat (Avena fatua). Weed Technology, 15, 343- 347, 2001.
Osuna, M. D., Vidotto, F., Fischer, A. J., Bayer, D. E., Prado, R. D., Ferrero, A.: Cross- resistance to Bispyribac- sodium and bensulfuron- methyl in Echinochloa phyllopogon and Cyperus difformis. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 73, 9-17, 2002.
Pavlović, D., Vrbničanin, S., Reinhardt, C., Fischer, A.: Osetljivost vrsta Conyza canadensis (L) Cronquist i Conyza bonariensis (L) Cronquist na glifosat. Acta herbologica, 17, 179-185, 2008.
Pline, W. A., Viator, R., Wilcut, J. W., Edmisten, K. L., Thomas, J., Wells, R.: Reproductive abnormalities in glyphosate-resistant cotton caused by lower CP4-EPSPS levels in the male reproductive tissue. Weed Science, 50, 438-447, 2002.
Popova, L.: Effect of fluridone on plant development, leaf anatomy and plastid ultrastructure of barley plants. Bulgarian Journal of Plant Physiology, 22, 3–12, 1996.
Ricotta, J. A., Masiunas, J. B.: Relationship of leaf surface characteristics to acilfluorfen tolerance in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and related species. Weed Science, 40, 402-407, 1992.
Ruzin, S. E.: Plant Microtechnique and Microscopy. Oxford University Press, New York, London, 1999.
Ryerse, J. S., Downer, R. A., Samsons, R. D., Feng, P. C. C.: Effect of glyphosate spray droplets on leaf cytology in velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti). Weed Science, 52, 302-309, 2004.
Santos, I. C., Meira, R. M. S. A., Ferreira, F. A., Santos, L. D. T., Miranda, G. V.: Caracteristicas anatomicas de duas especies de trapoeraba e a eficiencia do glyphosate. Planta Daninha, 20, 1-8, 2002.
Sanyal, D., Bhowmik, P., Reddy, K.: Leaf characteristics and surfactants affect primisulfuron droplet spread in three broadleaf weeds. Weed Science, 54, 16-22, 2006a.
Sanyal, D., Bhowmik, P., Reddy, K.: Influence of leaf surface micromorphology, wax content, and surfactant on pirimisulfuron droplet spread on barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) and green foxtail (Setaria viridis). Weed Science, 54, 627-633, 2006b.
Sasaki, S., Kozlowski, T. T.: Variable photosynthetic responses of Pinus resinosa seedlings to herbicides. Nature, 209, 1042-1043, 1966.
Schreiber, L.: Polar paths of diffusion across plant cuticles: new evidence for an old hypothesis. Annals of Botany 95: 1069-1073, 2005.
Skaltsa, H., Verykokidou, E., Harvala, C., Karabourniotis, G., Manetasi, Y.: UV-B protective potential and flavonoid content of leaf hairs of Quercus ilex. Phytochemistry, 37, 987-990, 1994.
Solymosi, P., Nagy, P.: ALS-resistance in Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.: ALS-gatlo herbicidekkel szembeni rezisztencia vizsgalata a Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. Biotipusaiban. Novenyvedelem, 34, 353-364, 1998.
Tardif, F.J., Rajcan, I., Costea, M.: A mutation in the herbicide target site acetohydroxyacid synthase produces morphological and structural alterations and reduces fitness in Amaranthus powellii. New Phytologist, 169, 251-264, 2006.
Taylor, F. E., Cobb, A. H., Davies, L. G.: The effects of bentazon on stomatal behavior in Chenopodium album L. New Phytologist, 63, 369-376, 1980.
Treutter, D.: Significance of Flavonoids in Plant Resistance and Enhancement of Their Biosynthesis. Plant biology (Stuttg) 7, 581-591, 2005.
Tuffi Santos, L. D., Sant'Anna-Santos, B. F., Meira, R. M. S. A., Ferreira, F. A., Tiburcio, R. A. S., Machado, A. F. L.: Leaf anatomy and morphometry in three eucalypt clones treated with glyphosate. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 69, 129-136, 2009.
Valverde, P. L., Fornoni, J. J., Nunez-Farfan, J.: Defensive role of leaf trichomes in resistance to herbivorous insects in Datura stramonium. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 14, 424–432, 2001.
Vaughn, K. C.: Characerization of Triazine-Resistant and –Susceptible Isolines of Canola (Brassica napus L.). Plant Physiology, 82, 859-863, 1986.
Vranješ, F., Božić, D., Rančić, D., Vrbničanin, S.: Age-related leaf surface characteristics of Chenopodium album and Abutilon theophrasti. In: Proceedings of VIII congress on plant protection: Integrated Plant Protection for Sustainable Crop Production and Forestry, Zlatibor, Serbia, 2019, 160-161.
Vranješ, F., Božić, D., Rančić, D., Anđelković, A., Vrbničanin, S.: Proučavanje anatomske građe lista Chenopodium album u funkciji osetljivosti na herbicide. Acta herbologica, 26(1), 31-39, 2017.
Zimdahl, R.L.: Fundamentals of weed science. Academic Press, Elsevier Inc. USA, pp.666, 2007.
Published
2020/10/30
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