Rezistentnost korova na herbicide

  • Sava Vrbničanin
Ključne reči: rezistentnost, herbicidi, mehanizam rezistentnosti, korovi

Sažetak


Rezistentnost korova na herbicide predstavlja stečenu otpornost jedinki da u uslovima njihove duže izloženosti istom herbicidu, odnosno herbicidima istog mehanizma delovanja na koje su u početku njihove primene bile osetljive prežive primenu preporučenih i znatno većih količina herbicida, završe životni ciklus i ostave potomstvo. Najčešći mehanizmi rezistentnosti korova na herbicide su:  rezistentnost na primarnom mestu delovanja, rezistentnost locirana izvan primarnog mesta delovanja, ukrštena i višestruka (multipla) rezistentnost. Do sada u Svetu je potvrđeno 514 slučajeva rezistentnosti (vrsta x mesto delovanja) i to kod 262 korovske vrste (152 dikotile, 110 monokotila), a najveći broj potvrđenih slučajeva se odnosi na herbicide inhibitore ALS enzima, FS II, EPSPS enzima,  inhibitori ACC-aza, sintetičke auksine itd.  U Srbiji postoji potvrđeno više slučajeva smanjene osetljivosti korovskih vrsta na herbicide inhibitore FS II i ALS enzima, a visok nivo rezistentnosti je potvrđen na ALS inhibitore kod vrsta: Amaranthus retroflexus, Sorghum halepense, Ambrosia artemisiifolia i Helianthus annuus.

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